China Shenzhen Perfect Precision Product Co., Ltd. company news

The diversity of modern manufacturing machines can be overwhelming. This article will focus on the two most common machine categories and compare the use of milling machines and lathes. What is a lathe? A lathe makes cylindrical parts by rotating materials on fixed tools. Parts made with a lathe are called turning. The raw material is fixed in a high-speed rotating chuck - this rotating axis is called the c-axis. The tool of the lathe is mounted on the tool rest, which can move parallel to the c-axis (expressed as movement along the Z-axis) and perpendicular to the c-axis (movement along the x-axis). On the CNC lathe, by controlling the X and Z positions of the tool holder at the same time, the rotational speed of some features can be changed to turn complex cylindrical geometry. More advanced lathes have automatic tool changers, part catchers for serial production, and power tools that allow certain milling functions. The material needs to be fixed in the chuck and, in some cases, its tailstock needs to be supported. Lathes are good at manufacturing cylindrical parts with very strict tolerances and repeatability. The lathe is not used for parts whose main features deviate from the axis. Without additional tools, parts with off-axis characteristics cannot be machined on the lathe. For example, the lathe can only drill holes on the central shaft by installing a drill bit on the tailstock; In standard turning operations, eccentric holes are usually not possible. What is a milling machine? Unlike a lathe, a milling machine holds the material in a fixture and cuts it with a rotary tool. There are many different configurations of milling machines, but the most common is to allow the operator to move the parts left and right along the x-axis and move the parts back and forth along the y-axis. The tool moves up and down along the Z axis. CNC milling machines can simultaneously control the movement along these axes to create complex geometry, such as surfaces. This main type of milling machine is called 3-axis milling machine. 5-axis milling machines can cut more complex parts, and can process a wide range of parts, including many different functions that cannot work on the lathe. On the other hand, the setup and programming of the milling machine can be complex. A part may need to change its orientation several times to machine all features. Different settings are called milling operations. The increased milling operations increase the cost and expense of part manufacturing. How to choose milling machine and lathe? From the above summary, the lathe is most suitable for manufacturing cylindrical parts. The cross section of the parts must be circular and the same central axis must run through its entire length. Milling machines are more suitable for machining parts that are not completely cylindrical, have flat, complex features, or have offset / inclined holes. The milling machine can process cylindrical features, but if the part is pure cylindrical, the lathe is a better and more accurate choice. More sophisticated machines, such as Swiss lathes, can cut planar features and drill vertical holes in the material. However, these machines are still more suitable for cylindrical parts.

Sheet metal manufacturing is an ideal process for manufacturing durable parts, from single prototype to mass production. He is also a cost-effective way to make parts. However, since sheet metal parts are made of a single plate, other design factors need to be considered compared with other processing technologies. To help you save time and money, here are 5 tips you can use on your next project! 1. Select appropriate materials Material cost is one of the most important driving factors of part cost. Please be sure to carefully select the materials and use the blank size. If you are making a prototype, you can consider using aluminum 5052 and 304 stainless steel or other cheaper materials. Check out our list of commonly used materials 2. General design specifications When designing parts, remember to use standard sheet metal gauges. The thickness of a sheet metal part mainly depends on the geometry of the part. Thicker metal may limit the bending that your part can achieve. 3. Simplify your folding Generally speaking, the more complex the parts, the higher the cost. In order to reduce the cost, simple elbows are designed with radius ≥ plate thickness. Small bends on large and thick parts tend to become inaccurate and should be avoided as much as possible. 4. Restrict the use of strict tolerances Usually, only a few features of a part are critical to its function. The more features (such as radius, aperture, and distance) tolerance marks in the design, the higher the manufacturing cost of the part. To eliminate unnecessary costs, it is critical to assign tolerances only to mission critical features and surfaces. 5. Keep uniform bending direction Elbows in the same plane shall be designed in the same direction to avoid part reorientation, which will save money and time. Maintaining a consistent bend radius will also make parts more cost-effective.

Most plastic products are made by injection molding. This is mainly due to the high productivity and extremely low unit cost of the process. As with any manufactured component, tolerance is critical. If not specified or controlled correctly, the final parts will not fit together during assembly. This kind of error needs to be avoided especially because the upfront cost of the mold is very high. This paper will describe how to control injection molding tolerance and ensure high quality through DFM (Design for manufacturing) principles, material selection, tool design and process control. Why is tolerance so important? For example, if two flat parts need to be bolted together, the positional tolerance of the holes on each part must consider all possible cases. Even if one part is at its minimum tolerance and the other part is at its maximum tolerance, they must still fit during assembly. In this case, it seems simple, but when multiple parts need to be assembled, one part may cause the whole assembly to not work properly. Tolerance analysis, such as worst case method, tolerance stack and statistical analysis, can be used to optimize the injection molding tolerance of multi part components. Factors affecting injection molding tolerance: 1. Part design One of the most important ways to limit warpage, excessive shrinkage, and part misalignment is to use DFM principles when designing parts. This is best achieved by working with injection molding services early in the design process to prevent costly redesign later in the design phase. wall thickness - parts with variable wall thickness may have uneven shrinkage. When thick areas cannot be avoided, coring must be used to maintain uniform wall thickness. Uneven wall thickness will lead to part deformation, which will affect tolerance and assembly. Thicker walls are not always the best choice for increasing strength; Where possible, it is best to use stiffeners and gussets to improve the strength of the parts.  draft angle - the draft angle is crucial to ensure easy ejection from the tool. If the best condition is not reached, the parts may get stuck during ejection, scraping and warping of the finished product. The draft angle can vary from 0.5 ° to 3 °, depending on the part design and surface finish. boss features - when assembling multiple plastic parts, bosses are usually used to accommodate fasteners. If the boss is too thick, a dent may be left on the part. If they are not connected to the side walls by ribs, they may be significantly deformed. This will make the assembly of these parts almost impossible. 2. Material selection Injection molding plastics can be made of a variety of resins. The choice of these materials depends mainly on the application of the final product. Each resin has a different shrinkage. This shrinkage needs to be considered when designing the mold, and the mold size is usually adjusted by the material shrinkage percentage. If multiple material components are required, different shrinkage rates need to be designed. If the design tolerance is not appropriate, the parts may not be assembled together, which is a costly error in injection molding. Injection molding tolerance is mainly determined by material shrinkage and part geometry. Material selection needs to be finalized before tools are designed and manufactured. The tool design is highly dependent on the selected material. 3. Tool design Once a material is selected, the tool is usually oversized to account for the shrinkage of the relevant material. However, the shrinkage is not uniform in all dimensions. For example, thicker parts have a different cooling rate than thinner parts. Therefore, a complex part with a mixture of thin and thick walls will have a variable cooling rate. The resulting warpage or subsidence can seriously affect the injection tolerance and assembly. To limit these effects, tool manufacturers consider the following factors when designing mold features. tool cooling - controlled cooling is essential to maintain uniform shrinkage. Poor tool cooling will lead to uncontrolled shrinkage, which will lead to serious deviation of parts from their tolerance requirements. The intelligent placement of cooling channels can significantly improve the consistency of parts. tool tolerance - tools that exceed the tolerance will lead to all subsequent injection molding parts, and the error will be added in addition to any error caused by shrinkage. However, in the CNC machining process, the tool tolerance is usually strictly controlled and monitored, so the tool out of tolerance is rarely the reason for the part out of tolerance. In addition, these tools are usually "steel safe". This means that key dimensions or features can be adjusted by additional milling when manufacturing tools. If the finished dimension of some parts is not within the tolerance range, the additional material allows fine adjustment of the tool by machining. For example, a tight tolerance hole feature on a part may have a tool designed with a core pin on the wider side of the tolerance. If the hole needs to be adjusted, it will be processed thinner to make the hole thinner. thimble position - the thimble pushes it out of the mold when the mold is opened; This needs to be done as quickly as possible to minimize cycle time. If the ejector pin is placed in an undesirable position, the parts may be damaged. Some materials are not completely rigid when leaving the tool, and uneven ejection may lead to serious warpage and dimensional inconsistency. gate position - the gate is a part of the resin inflow tool. If placed in an undesirable position, this will result in a poor appearance. In addition, uneven filling rate can also lead to warpage and irregular shrinkage. Complex parts often require multiple gates to achieve uniform filling and mitigate these challenges. 4. Process control Despite all the previous design work and material considerations to optimize the injection tolerance of the parts, the parts may still exceed the tolerance when the first batch of samples are delivered. Once all the above methods are combined, the next step to improve tolerance compliance is to adjust the process. Controlling temperature, pressure and holding time are some of the most common methods to improve the quality of parts. Once the ideal condition set is determined, the mold can create consistent parts with very small dimensional changes between parts. In complex multi feature parts, it may be beneficial to embed pressure and temperature sensors in tools to measure these parameters in the manufacturing process to achieve real-time feedback and process control. Maintaining the pressure and temperature in the tool at all times helps to ensure consistent tolerances. In complex multi feature parts, it may be beneficial to embed pressure and temperature sensors in tools to measure these parameters in the manufacturing process, so as to realize real-time feedback and process control. Maintaining the pressure and temperature in the tool at all times can largely ensure consistent tolerances.

3D printing technology helps the global fight against the epidemic and also contributes to the fight against major infectious diseases.   Since the outbreak of covid-19 in Europe and the United States, the shortage of medical protective equipment has been one of the thorny problems in the local fight against novel coronavirus.     In particular, the medical personnel fighting in the front line of the epidemic have been in short supply of masks, masks, protective glasses, protective clothing and other epidemic prevention supplies.   01. Preliminary preparation     In March, we donated a batch of 3D printed goggles to some hospitals in Britain and Germany, and received good feedback.         In April, we received emergency assistance requests from some hospitals in Europe and America. We hope that the company can use 3D printing technology to quickly produce a batch of epidemic prevention materials to help them tide over the difficulties. The demand mainly includes masks and transparent protective masks.     To this end, the company urgently established the fight covid-19 project team, which is composed of CAD designers, 3D printing technical engineers, capacity dispatchers, customer liaison officers, auxiliary material purchasers, etc.     First, the CAD Designer completed the CAD data design of each part of the protective mask, and then the 3D printing technology engineer conducted the printing test. After three design adjustments, the design drawings are finalized.         Then, on the premise of not affecting the normal production and delivery of daily 3D printing service orders, the capacity dispatcher called 16 UV curable resin 3D printers to start work at the same time, and completed the 3D printing of 1000 sets of protective mask headbands in just one day.     02. Print packaging         Just 3D printed product parts         Parts being cured and sterilized after cleaning   Trial assembly of small batch products       The protective mask is composed of 3D printed headband + PETG transparent film + elastic band   Finally, the quality inspection, packaging and transportation of large quantities of products         Piece by piece quality inspection and packaging     03. Distribution and sharing     The project team of fight covid-19 also provided a quick installation guide for 3D printing protective mask for users. According to the operation instructions of the guide, the assembly of parts can be completed in only 1 minute and the use can be started.     By the end of April, all 1000 sets of protective masks, 2000 mask earrings and 3000 masks have arrived at overseas destinations, including Germany, the United States, Brazil, Colombia and Chile.         Nylon powder printed mask ear hook   Received feedback from overseas anti epidemic frontline       Red Cross staff of hospitals in the United States, Colombia, Germany and other places are using the protective masks donated by our company.

"Medical equipment" is a broad term, covering a variety of instruments and equipment, such as band aids, dental floss, blood pressure cuff, defibrillator, nuclear magnetic resonance scanner, etc. Medical device design is an important part of mechanical engineering. The development process of a medical device is no different from that of any other device: design, prototyping, testing, and replication. However, medical equipment has more stringent requirements for materials. Due to the requirements of testing and clinical trials, many medical device prototypes require biocompatible or sterilizable materials. 1. Biocompatible materials For plastics, the most stringent requirement is USP level 6 test. USP level 6 testing involves three in vivo biological reactivity assessments on animals, including:  acute systemic toxicity test: this test measures the irritation effect of oral administration, skin application and inhalation of samples.  intradermal test: this test measures the stimulation effect when the sample contacts with the living subdermal tissue.  implantation test: this test measures the stimulation effect of implanting the sample muscle into the test animal within five days. 3D printing can produce almost all geometry, which is very useful for fast iteration of complex design. CNC processing is applicable to the prototyping and end use production of medical device parts. There are more materials to choose from, and the materials are stronger. However, the design needs more attention to ensure machinability. The following materials are certified by USP level 6 test: POM, PP, Pei, peek, PSU, PPSU If you are making prototypes that will not be used in the early stages of experiments or clinical trials, consider using non certified plastics. You can get the same mechanical performance without paying a higher price. POM 150 is an excellent material for early prototyping. CNC machining can also produce biocompatible metal parts. There are three common implant grade options:  stainless steel 316L  titanium grade 5, also known as Ti6Al4V or ti6-4  cobalt chromium alloy (CoCr) Stainless steel 316L is the most commonly used material among the three materials. Titanium has a better weight strength ratio but is much more expensive. CoCr is mainly used for orthopedic implants. We recommend that you use SS 316L for prototyping when improving the design, and then use more expensive materials when the design is more mature. 2. Sterilizable materials Any reusable medical device that may come into contact with blood or body fluid must be sterilized. Therefore, most medical devices used in medical facilities are made of sterilizable materials. There are many sterilization methods: heating (dry heat or autoclave / steam), pressure, chemicals, irradiation, etc.

The medical device industry continues to grow around the world. With the development of the industry, 3D printing of medical device prototypes and production parts is also developing. Medical 3D printing is no longer something in science fiction. Additive manufacturing (AM) is now used in everything from surgical implants to artificial limbs, even organs and bones.     1、 Advantages of 3D printing for medical use Why 3D printing is very suitable for the medical market? The three main factors are speed, customization and cost-effectiveness. 3D printing enables engineers to innovate faster. Engineers can turn ideas into physical prototypes in 1-2 days. Faster product development time allows companies to allocate more time to receive feedback from surgeons and patients. In turn, more and better feedback will lead to better performance of the design in the market. 3D printing has achieved an unprecedented level of customization. Everyone's body is different, and 3D printing allows engineers to customize products according to these differences. This increases patient comfort, surgical accuracy, and improves outcomes. Customization also allows engineers to be creative in a wide range of applications. With the application of 3D printing technology in thousands of flexible, colorful and solid materials, engineers can put their most creative vision into practice. Most importantly, 3D printing can generally realize customized medical applications at a lower cost than traditional manufacturing.     2、 3D printing technology for medical treatment Metal and plastic 3D printing technologies are suitable for medical applications. The most common technologies include melt deposition modeling (FDM), direct metal laser sintering (DMLS), carbon direct photosynthesis (DLS), and selective laser sintering (SLS). FDM is a good process for early device prototypes and surgical models. Sterilizable FDM materials include ppsf, ULTEM and ABS m30i. Metal 3D printing through DMLS can be completed with 17-4PH stainless steel, which is a sterilizable material. Carbon fiber is a new process that uses custom resins for various end-use medical device applications. Finally, SLS can produce strong and flexible parts, which is the best process to use when creating bone replicas.     3、 Use 3D printing in the medical industry 3D printing is changing almost all aspects of the medical industry. 3D printing makes training easier, improves patient experience and accessibility, and simplifies implant procurement and implantation process. 1. Implants: 3D printing is not only a part of our physical world, but also a part of many people's bodies. Cutting edge technology now allows 3D printing of organic matter, such as cells for tissues, organs and bones. For example, orthopaedic implants are used for bone and muscle repair. This helps to improve the availability of the implant. 3D printing is also good at making fine lattices that can be placed outside surgical implants, which helps reduce the rejection rate of implants. 2. Surgical tools: It is particularly effective in the dental field. 3D printing tools conform to the unique anatomical structure of patients and help surgeons improve surgical accuracy. Plastic surgeons also often use guides and tools made by 3D printing. Guides are particularly useful in knee arthroplasty, facial surgery, and hip arthroplasty. The guides for these procedures are usually made of a sterilizable plastic pc-iso. 3. Surgical planning and medical training mode: Future doctors now often practice on 3D printed organs, which can better simulate human organs than animal organs. Doctors can now print out exact copies of a patient's organs, making it easier to prepare for complex operations. 4. Medical equipment and tools: Traditionally manufactured using subtraction technology, many surgical tools and devices that now use 3D printing can customize printing to solve specific problems. 3D printing can also produce conventionally manufactured tools such as clips, scalpels and tweezers in a more sterile form and at a lower cost. 3D printing also makes it easier to quickly replace these damaged or aging tools. 5. Prosthesis: 3D printing plays a key role in making fashionable and easy-to-use artificial limbs. 3D printing makes it easier to develop low-cost prosthetics for communities in need. Prosthetics are now being used for 3D printing in war zones such as Syria and rural areas in Haiti. Due to the limitation of cost and accessibility, many people did not have such equipment before. 6. Drug dosage tool: It is now possible to 3D print pills containing multiple drugs, and the release time of each drug is different. These tablets make dose compliance easier and reduce the risk of overdose due to patient errors. They also help to solve problems related to various drug interactions. 7. Customized manufacturing of medical device companies Since the cost of high-end SLS, DMLS and carbon 3D printers may be as high as $500000 or more, many medical companies outsource their production to manufacturing as a service companies such as xometry. 86% of Fortune 500 medical companies rely on xometry's 3D printing services and medical injection molding as part of their innovation process. We help the world's largest and fastest-growing companies move faster from ideas to prototypes to production, thereby increasing their chances of success in the market. Since the cost of high-end SLS, DML and carbon 3D printers may be more than US $500000, many medical companies are handing over the production to speedup. We help medical device companies move faster from conception to prototype to production, which increases their chances of success in the market.     4、 Reasons for medical device companies to trust the rapid increase 1. Manufacturing network: we have a manufacturing network of more than 1000 manufacturing partners, including partners specializing in medical devices, dentistry and custom fixtures 2. Wide range of capabilities: in addition to 3D printing process, we also provide CNC machining, sheet metal manufacturing, hand mold and injection molding (including overmolding and insert molding), which enables us to manufacture parts at any stage of the product life cycle 3. Medical materials: instant quotation of PEEK and 17-4PH stainless steel and 316L and a series of other materials 4. Proven results: the world's top 500 companies and many of the fastest-growing small companies in the industry use rapid processing to manufacture parts

Tolerance is the acceptable range of the dimension determined by the designer according to the shape, fit and function of the part. Understanding how CNC machining tolerances affect cost, manufacturing process selection, inspection options and materials can help you better determine product design.     1. Stricter tolerance means increased cost It is important to remember that the tighter the tolerance, the higher the cost due to increased scrap, additional fixtures, special measuring tools and / or longer cycle times, as the machine may need to slow down to maintain tighter tolerances. Depending on the tolerance dimension and the geometry associated with it, the cost may be more than twice that of maintaining the standard tolerance. The overall geometric tolerance can also be applied to the drawing of the part. Depending on the geometric tolerance and the type of tolerance applied, additional costs may arise due to increased inspection time. The best way to apply tolerances is to apply tight or geometric tolerances only to critical areas when design criteria need to be met to minimize costs.     2. Stricter tolerances may mean changes in manufacturing process Specifying a tolerance that is stricter than the standard tolerance can actually change the optimal manufacturing process of the part. For example, holes that can be machined on an end mill within a tolerance range may need to be drilled on a lathe within a tighter tolerance range, or even need to be ground, thereby increasing installation costs and lead times.       3. Stricter tolerance can change inspection requirements Remember that when you add tolerances to a part, you should consider how to check the features. If the feature is difficult to machine, it is likely to be difficult to measure. Some functions require special inspection equipment, which may increase the cost of parts.     4. The tolerance depends on the material The difficulty of manufacturing parts according to specific tolerances may be very material dependent. Generally, the softer the material, the more difficult it is to maintain the specified tolerance because the material will bend when cutting. Without special tool considerations, plastics such as nylon, HDPE and peek may not have the same strict tolerances as steel or aluminum.

In the process of machining, it is often difficult to process with standard tools, so it is very important to manufacture non-standard tools. Since the use of non-standard tools in metal cutting is common in milling, this paper mainly introduces the manufacture of non-standard tools in milling. Since the purpose of manufacturing standard tools is to cut a large number of general metal and non-metal parts in a large area, when the workpiece is overheated and hardened, the workpiece is made of stainless steel, and the cutting edge is very easy, and there is also the surface of the workpiece. When the geometry is very complex or the roughness of the machined surface is very high, the standard tool cannot meet the machining requirements. Therefore, in the process of machining, the target design of tool material, blade shape, geometric angle, etc. can be divided into special orders and non special orders.             1、 Non custom tools mainly solve two problems, dimension and surface roughness （1） Size problem You can choose a standard tool with a size similar to that you need, which can be solved by regrinding. However, two points should be noted: 1. If the size difference is too large, the groove shape of the tool will change, which directly affects the chip removal space and geometric angle, so the size difference is not less than 2mm. 2. If it is a cutting machine without a knife hole, it can not be done with ordinary machine tools. It needs to be done with a special 5-axis connecting rod. The cost of changing machine grinding is also high. （2） Surface roughness This can be achieved by changing the geometric angle of the blade. For example, increasing the front and rear angles can significantly improve the surface roughness of the workpiece. However, if the rigidity of the user's machine tool is not enough, the cutting edge will become blunt and the surface roughness can be improved. This is very complex and requires an analysis of the treatment plant before any conclusions can be drawn.                 2、 The tools to be customized mainly solve three problems: special shape, special strength and hardness, special tool tip tolerance and tool tip removal requirements （1） The workpiece has special shape requirements For example, the tool required for machining may be lengthened, the end teeth may be inverted, or there may be special taper angle requirements, tool shank structure requirements, blade length size control, etc. If the geometric requirements of this tool are not very complicated, it is actually easy to solve. The only thing to note is that non-standard tools are more difficult to handle. The pursuit of high precision means high cost and high risk, which will cause unnecessary waste to manufacturers' production capacity and their own costs. （2） Strength and hardness of workpiece When the workpiece is overheated, the common tool material is too strong and hard, or the tool is seriously worn. It needs to be transferred and has special requirements for the materials of tools. Common solutions are to choose high-grade tool materials, such as high-speed steel tools with high hardness cobalt for cutting hardened and tempered workpieces, and high-quality hard alloys. Machines replace grinding. Of course, it can also be very special. For example, when processing aluminum parts, it may not match the type of commercially available carbide tools. Aluminum parts are generally soft, but can be said to be easy to process. The material used for hard tools is actually an aluminum high-speed steel. Although this material is harder than ordinary high-speed steel, it will cause affinity of aluminum element and increase tool wear when processing aluminum parts. At this time, if you want to obtain high efficiency, you can choose cobalt high-speed steel instead. （3） The workpiece has special requirements for blade tolerance and blade disassembly In this case, a smaller number of teeth and deeper tooth tip grooves must be used, but this design can be used for mechanically simple materials such as aluminum alloys. In the design and processing of non-standard tools, the geometric shape of the tool is relatively complex, and bending deformation, deformation and local stress concentration are easy to occur in the heat treatment process, which must be avoided in the design. For parts with concentrated stress, add bevel transition or step design for parts with large diameter change. If it is a slender piece with large length and diameter, it needs to be checked and straightened after each fire-fighting and tempering to control the deformation and loss during heat treatment. The material of the tool is relatively brittle, especially the hard alloy material. If the vibration or machining torque is large during machining, the tool will be damaged. If the tool is broken, it can be replaced, but in many cases it will not cause too much damage. However, when handling non-standard tools, the possibility of replacement is high, so once the tool is broken, it will cause great losses. Users, including a series of problems such as delay.

Most desktop 3D printers in the market are based on melt deposition (FDM) technology. They are similar to the forming principle of high-end industrial 3D printers because they are based on material extrusion and layer by layer deposition of molten thermoplastic through nozzles, but their functions are different. This article will discuss the main differences between desktop and industrial fdm3d printers.       01. Printing accuracy In general, geometric tolerance and part accuracy depend on 3D printer calibration and model complexity. The precision of parts produced by industrial 3D printers is higher than that of desktop 3D printers, because the processing parameters are more strictly controlled in the printing process. Industrial equipment runs calibration algorithms before each printing, including a heating chamber to minimize the impact of rapid cooling (e.g., warping) of molten plastic, and can operate at higher printing temperatures. Calibrated desktop level 3D printers can be produced with relatively high dimensional accuracy (usually tolerance ± 0.5 mm).     02. Different application fields Industrial 3D printers are widely used in many fields, such as aerospace, automotive, medical, electronic products and so on. Desktop level 3D printers are generally used to print small items. In the past, they were mostly used in industrial design, education, animation, archaeology, lighting and other fields. Now, many desktop level 3D printers have also been extended to the oral medical industry and applied to the dental digital production process. As a part of the digital medical mode, it can assist in printing the required products.   03. Different batch production Desktop level 3D printers tend to be personalized and highly customized. For example, desktop level 3D printers are mainly used for small batch production near the chair. Industrial 3D printers are mostly used in industrial mass production.     04. Production capacity and cost The main difference between desktop and industrial 3D printers is cost. The increasing popularity of desktop 3D printers has greatly reduced the cost of owning and running FDM machines and the cost and availability of consumables. The production capacity of industrial 3D printers is generally greater than that of desktop 3D printers. Industrial 3D printers have a large printing platform, which means that they can print larger parts at one time and print more models at the same time.

The prototype is the first step to verify the feasibility of the product. It is the most direct and effective way to find out the defects, deficiencies and disadvantages of the design product, so as to improve the defects.     In particular, the development of new products can avoid expensive mold opening costs, reduce R & D risks and accelerate R & D efficiency. So, what are the benefits of small batch processing?     Benefit 1:     To verify the appearance, we only look at the picture. If there is no physical object, we can not visually verify the product. The customer also does not accept it. The customer needs a physical product that can be held in his hand.     Benefit 2:     Verify the function, test item by item according to the function test case, and check whether the product meets the function required by the user.   Benefit 3:     When there are no products at the exhibition, you can use the hand board to display the products at the exhibition instead of the products, do a good job in the early publicity work, and even get orders.   Benefit 4:     Direct sales, such as structural templates, also known as functional templates, can be directly sold as products in the market. In addition, the prototype can be sold directly after small batch trial production, which can verify the market reaction to the product.     Benefit 5:     To reduce the cost, the product design is generally not perfect, or even can not be used. If it is directly produced, all defective products will be scrapped, which greatly wastes manpower, material resources and time. The loss is much greater than the cost of prototype proofing.   Because the prototype is generally a small number of samples, the production cycle is short, and the loss of human and material resources is small, the shortcomings of product design can be quickly found and improved, providing sufficient basis for product finalization and mass production.