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Working principle and advantages of CNC machining

July 28, 2022

Generally, CNC machining usually refers to computer numerical control precision machining, numerical control machining lathe, numerical control machining milling machine, numerical control machining boring and milling machine, etc. It is a new processing technology. Its main work is to compile processing programs and convert the original manual work into computer programming. Manual processing certainly requires experience.

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Working principle of CNC processing:
When the numerical control system is activated, the required machining dimensions are programmed into the software and assigned to the corresponding tools and machines, which perform the specified dimensional tasks like robots.


In numerical control programming, the code generator in the digital system usually assumes that the mechanism is perfect. Although there is the possibility of error, this possibility is greater when the NC machine is instructed to cut in multiple directions at the same time. The placement of tools in the CNC system consists of a series of input overviews called part programs.

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Use the numerical control machine tool to input the program through the punch card. In contrast, the program of CNC machine tools is input into the computer through the keypad. NC programming is retained in the computer memory. The code itself is written and edited by the programmer. Therefore, CNC system provides a wider range of computing power. It is important that the CNC system is never static, because the updated prompt can be added to the pre-existing program by modifying the code.


Advantages of CNC machining:
① The number of tooling is greatly reduced, and complex tooling is not required for machining parts with complex shapes. To change the shape and size of parts, only need to modify the part processing program, which is suitable for the development and transformation of new products.
② The processing quality is stable, the processing accuracy is high, and the repetition accuracy is high, which meets the requirements of aircraft processing.
③ In the case of multi variety and small batch production, the production efficiency is high, which can reduce the time of production preparation, machine tool adjustment and process inspection, and reduce the cutting time due to the use of cutting volume.
④ It can process complex surfaces that are difficult to be processed by conventional methods, and even some unobservable processing parts.