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What should you consider for the machining of shaft parts of precision mechanical parts?

December 17, 2022

First of all, the part drawing should be analyzed for the process of CNC machining, the specific contents are.

 

(1) whether the dimensioning method in the part drawing is adapted to the characteristics of CNC machining.

 

(2) the adequacy of the geometric elements constituting the contour in the part drawing.

 

(3) whether the reliability of the positioning reference is good.

 

(4) whether the machining accuracy required by the part and the dimensional tolerances can be guaranteed.

 

For the part blank, the processability analysis is also performed, specifically.

 

(1) analysis of the suitability of the blank in terms of mounting and positioning, as well as the size and uniformity of the margin.

 

(5) whether the machining margin of the blank is sufficient, and whether the margin is stable in mass production.

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1. Selection of machine tools

 

Different parts should be processed on different CNC machine tools, so according to the design requirements of the parts to choose CNC machine tools.

 

2. Tool point and tool change point selection

 

Tool point: is the starting point of the tool relative to the workpiece movement in the index control machining.

 

Tool change point: is for machining centers, CNC lathes and other multi-tool processing machine programming and set.

 

In programming are seen as the workpiece is stationary, and the tool is in motion. Usually the tool setting point is called the program origin, the main points of selection are: easy to find the right, easy programming, small tooling error and easy to check and reliable when processing, the tool setting point should be made to overlap with the tooling point when tool setting is carried out.

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3. Selection of machining method and determination of machining plan

 

The principle of the selection of machining method is to ensure the machining accuracy and surface roughness requirements of the machined surface, but in the actual selection, should be combined with the shape of the part, size and heat treatment requirements, etc. for comprehensive consideration.

 

Machining program to determine, according to the main surface accuracy and roughness requirements, the initial determination of the processing methods required to achieve these requirements.

 

4. The choice of machining allowance

 

Machining allowance: the amount of general refers to the difference between the solid size of the blank and the size of the part.

The choice of machining allowance has two principles, one is the principle of minimum machining allowance, the second is that there should be sufficient machining allowance, especially for the last process.

 

5. Cutting amount determination

 

Cutting amount includes depth of cut, spindle speed and feed. Cutting depth is based on the machine tool, fixture, tool and workpiece rigidity to determine, spindle speed is based on the allowable cutting speed to determine, and feed is based on the machining accuracy of the part and surface roughness requirements and the nature of the workpiece material to determine.