What is PVC material made of?

PVC resin is produced from vinyl chloride monomers. The process begins with the production of vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) by reacting ethylene with chlorine using a catalyst. This reaction leads to the formation of vinyl chloride gas. The vinyl chloride monomer is then subjected to polymerization, where the monomer molecules combine to form long chains of PVC polymer.

Polymerization can be initiated through heat, chemical initiators, or UV light. To enhance specific properties, additives like plasticizers, stabilizers, lubricants, fillers, pigments, and flame retardants are often incorporated into the PVC formulation. These additives can be adjusted based on the desired characteristics for different applications.

The PVC formulation is then processed using methods like extrusion, injection molding, or calendaring to shape the material into various final forms such as pipes, fittings, sheets, profiles, and more. The production of PVC resin can vary in terms of manufacturing techniques and formulations but ultimately, Polyvinyl Chloride is an incredibly versatile thermoplastic.