What kind of structural form of the tool used in machining is related to the material of the tool, the complexity of the cutting edge, the size of the tool, the processing batch and the processing method? Yes, there is a close connection between them. When choosing the tool structure, we must fully consider the influence of these factors. Next, let's analyze it.
Influence of tool material on structure
Different materials are suitable for manufacturing cutting tools with different structures. Generally, in machining, the cutting tools with integral structure are mostly made of high-speed steel, while the cutting tools with clamp structure and welding structure are mostly made of cemented carbide.
Influence of cutting edge complexity on structure
The structural form of machining tools is also related to the complexity of cutting edges. Generally speaking, when the cutting edge of the prop is complex, the integral structure is conducive to ensuring the strength of the cutting edge. The cutters with this design method include vertical milling cutters with spiral chip holding grooves, fried dough twist drills and reamers. Most of them adopt an integral structure and have complex cutting edges. The cutting edge of welded structural tools should not be too complex, and they are usually made into straight grooves or small spiral angles. The cutting edge of machine clamp tool is generally simpler.
Influence of tool size on structure
The size of the tool often affects the structure of the tool. In machining, the cutters with smaller sizes generally adopt the integral structure, while those with larger sizes generally adopt the machine clamp structure. For example, face milling cutters are usually made into machine clamp indexable type, which is also a measure to effectively ensure the rigidity of cutters.
Influence of machining batch on tool structure
The size of the machining batch will also have a certain impact on the structural form of the tool, and the manufacturer needs to select the appropriate tool structure according to the specific situation. In general, tools with integral structure can be considered for processing single pieces or small batches of workpieces. When processing large batches of workpieces, machine clamp indexable tools should be used as much as possible.
Influence of machining type on tool structure
Whether to adopt numerical control machining method also determines which structure of tool should be selected. Once the integral tool is damaged, it will take a long time to change and adjust the tool when replacing it with a new one. The tool with indexable structure of the machine clamp has a much shorter time of indexing and replacement, and basically does not need to be readjusted. It can be quickly adjusted to meet the requirements by changing the compensation value of the tool. This advantage is very obvious in CNC machining. Therefore, when CNC machining is carried out, the tool with indexable structure of machine clamp should be used as much as possible.
However, due to the existence of certain welding internal stress, the stability and accuracy of the welding tool will be destroyed, and the tool bar can hardly be reused after the tool is scrapped. Therefore, in actual production, the tool with this structure should be used as little as possible.
