At present, the precision of precision hardware processing parts has reached the micron level. It requires not only precision processing equipment, tools, precision measuring instruments and high-tech workers, but also good processing environment is the main factor to ensure the precision of precision hardware processing. If there is too much dust, the workpiece surface will be scratched and its surface quality will be affected, so we need to strengthen the purification in the workshop.
In the process of precision machining, the process system is affected by the internal heat sources such as cutting heat and friction heat, and heat exchange with the external environment. Therefore, the external ambient temperature has become an important factor affecting the machining accuracy. Due to the different heat source intensity and distribution position, the temperature rise of each part of the machine tool is different during the processing, and the thermal expansion coefficient of different materials is different, resulting in different deformation of machine tool bed, spindle, grating ruler, tool rest and other components, thus damaging the original geometric accuracy of the machine tool. Placing the processing equipment at a stable ambient temperature can reduce the temperature difference of each component of the machine tool, thereby reducing the difference in deformation.
To sum up, excessive changes in ambient temperature have also become the main source of errors in the processing of precision hardware parts. Excessive temperatures will cause thermal deformation of machine tools, tools and measuring devices, resulting in processing errors and measurement errors. In precision parts machining, vibration has a great impact on machining accuracy and surface roughness. Vibration mainly includes vibration caused by natural external forces, traffic vibration, vibration caused by people walking, and vibration caused by machine tools and equipment. For the above reasons, when we are processing precision hardware parts, the working environment should be clean, vibration proof and constant temperature.