What are the basic properties of tool materials for precision parts machining
The tool material for precision parts processing refers to the material of the cutting part of the tool. In metal cutting, the cutting part of the tool directly contacts with the workpiece and cutting parts, bears a lot of cutting pressure and impact force, and has serious friction with the workpiece and cutting parts, which leads to the increase of cutting temperature. This means that the cutting part of the tool works under the harsh conditions of high temperature, high pressure and severe friction to master the basic properties of the tool material.
What are the basic properties of tool materials?
1. High hardness. The hardness of the tool material must be higher than that of the workpiece material to be machined. Otherwise, under high temperature and high pressure, the sharp geometric shape of the tool cannot be maintained, which is the basic property of the tool material.
2. Sufficient strength and toughness. The material in the cutting part of the tool must bear a great cutting force and impact force when cutting.
3. High wear resistance and heat resistance. The wear resistance of tool materials refers to the ability to resist wear. Generally speaking, the higher the hardness of tool materials, the better the wear resistance. The wear resistance of tool materials is also related to the metallographic structure. The more carbides in the metallographic structure, the finer the particles, the more uniform the analysis, and the higher the wear resistance.
4. Good thermal conductivity. Tool materials with good thermal conductivity can also enhance their heat shock resistance and thermal cracking resistance, which is very important for intermittent cutting with brittle tool materials, especially when machining workpieces with poor thermal conductivity.
5. Good processability. In order to facilitate manufacturing, tool materials are required to have good machining performance of precision parts, including forging, welding, cutting, heat treatment and grindability.
6. Better economy. Economy is one of the main indexes for evaluating new tool materials, and also one of the main bases for correctly selecting tool materials and reducing product costs.
7. Adhesion resistance and chemical stability.
The above points are the properties that precision parts should have when machining tool materials. The selection of tools, especially when machining more precise parts, is very strict, so as to meet the processing requirements and give full play to the benefits of CNC lathes