Green manufacturing, also known as environmental conscious manufacturing. This is a modern manufacturing mode that comprehensively considers manufacturing quality, environmental impact and resource efficiency, so that human production process can be in harmony with environmental protection and resource utilization as far as possible. Green manufacturing in the field of machining at this stage mainly has the following manifestations:
Dry cutting technology
Dry cutting technology in machining is a technology of cutting without using cutting fluid. It can avoid the damage of cutting fluid discharge to the environment, but it has high requirements for the geometric structure, wear resistance, high temperature resistance and adhesion resistance of cutting tools. The machine tool used also needs to be equipped with circulating cooling system, vertical shaft and inclined bed, so as to eliminate heat and cutting debris.
Similarly, there is quasi dry cutting technology, which combines the advantages of dry and wet machining. A layer of lubricating oil is sprayed on the cutting edge of the tool to form an oil film between the tool and the workpiece. The amount of cutting fluid used is only tens of thousands of times that of wet cutting, but it can effectively play the role of lubrication.
In addition, there is a wind cooling cutting technology, which is dehumidified and cooled to minus 30 degrees Celsius air, sent to the cutting part, while spraying a small amount of harmless vegetable oil, which can also achieve rust prevention and lubrication. Dust collecting equipment is installed on the opposite side of the air nozzle to collect waste and dust, and the chips are filtered out through the dust collector.
Water jet processing technology
Water jet processing technology is to use pure water or the liquid added with some additives in the water to form a high-speed liquid flow of 300 to 900 meters per second after passing through the supercharger and liquid storage accumulator, which is sprayed onto the surface of the workpiece to achieve the purpose of removing materials.
Antifriction Technology
In machining, proper use of antifriction agents can effectively reduce the friction resistance produced by machining, reduce mechanical wear, reduce energy consumption and prolong the service life of equipment. In addition to using antifriction agents, metal antifriction agents can be mixed into lubricating oil, which can also achieve the purpose of energy saving and consumption reduction.
High quality clean surface technology
For some important parts that require high wear resistance, ion beam assisted coating technology can be used to synthesize various high-quality films at room temperature by using a series of physical and chemical changes in the process of depositing atoms and bombarding ions. The application of self swimming coating, a new energy-saving surface coating technology, can greatly simplify the subsequent wastewater treatment process, which belongs to a pollution-free and clean production process because it does not need phosphating process and there is no participation of heavy metals in the system. In addition, self priming coating requires fewer work stations, simpler operation and lower operation cost.
Rapid prototyping manufacturing technology
This is a manufacturing technology that can quickly generate models or parts under the control of computers, relying on the existing CAD data and using the method of accurate material accumulation. Precise stacking is the process of stacking points into faces, then stacking faces into three-dimensional structures, and finally generating entities. Using this technology, solid workpieces with various complex structures can be generated without molds. The materials involved include paper, plastic, metal and ceramics. Rapid prototyping manufacturing technology can not only save resources, reduce manufacturing costs, but also reduce the environmental pollution caused by processing waste, but also greatly improve the manufacturing speed of new product samples.
Process simulation technology
Process simulation technology simulates the processing process in the real environment in the virtual environment through simulation, experimental testing and other methods, shows the physical and chemical changes and defect evolution of materials in this process, so as to predict their performance and quality, and achieve the purpose of optimizing process design. This technology is mainly used in hot working process.