China Shenzhen Perfect Precision Product Co., Ltd. company news

Hexagon rivet nuts are used in many aluminum alloy structural parts, so hexagonal holes need to be machined at the corresponding positions of the products for installation. In order to ensure the accuracy of the installation hole, the hexagonal hole needs to be machined after the overall welding is completed. Because the workpiece after welding cannot use two-dimensional cutting method or punch, it can only use manual punching or three-dimensional cutting technology to process hexagonal holes. Manual punching of hexagonal hole is a punching method that directly uses a punch to hammer. This processing method has great operational difficulty, and the punch is not easy to exit, which seriously affects the processing quality and work efficiency of aluminum alloy processing. In order to reduce the difficulty of manual hexagonal hole punching operation and improve the punching quality and efficiency, designers designed and made a simple, efficient, practical, reliable, flexible and economical manual hexagonal hole punching tool. Structural design of a new manual punching tool This new manual hexagonal hole punching tool has a creative design idea - integrating the structure of punch, hammer and so on, which can greatly simplify the preparation and operation of the tool. The whole structure is composed of handle, punch, connector and hexagonal punch. The handle, punch and connector are all made of 45 round steel, and only the hexagonal punch is made of high-speed steel. The handle plays the role of guiding the ram to slide up and down, and the front end is processed into M20 external thread to connect with the connector. The impact hammer mainly plays the role of sliding hammer up and down. The connector is mainly a connecting handle and a hexagonal punch. The hexagonal punch can be directly punched on the workpiece, and the hexagonal punch can be replaced as required. Working principle of a new manual punching tool The hexagonal punch on the new manual hexagonal hole punching tool is connected and installed with the connector through the thread at the end; The punching hammer is inserted on the handle through the central hole; The handle is connected and installed with the connector through the thread of the end. The hexagonal punch can be customized according to the processing requirements of the product. In order to facilitate punching, the corresponding position of the workpiece needs to be pre processed into a circular bottom hole before punching. When punching, first insert the front end of the hexagonal punch into the bottom hole pre machined by the workpiece, and keep the hexagonal punch perpendicular to the workpiece surface by adjusting the handle. Next, slide the punch down quickly to make the punch hit the connector. The connector transmits the force generated by the impact of the punch to the hexagonal punch to punch the workpiece. This processing method greatly reduces the operation difficulty of processing. When punching is completed, slide the punch up quickly to make the punch hit the top of the handle quickly. As the impact produces an upward force, the hexagonal punch is slowly withdrawn from the workpiece through the impact force. This solves the problem that the punch is not easy to exit after punching. Advantages of new manual punching tools Through the field use and verification of the new manual hexagonal hole punching tool, it takes only about 10 seconds to punch a hexagonal hole, which greatly shortens the punching time and improves the work efficiency. Moreover, the hole quality punched by this tool is significantly higher than that punched by general tools. To sum up, there are five advantages of using the new manual hexagonal hole punching tool for punching: first, it improves the punching efficiency and reduces the labor intensity of workers; Second, it reduces the processing cost of hexagonal holes and brings greater profit space to enterprises; Third, the quality of handmade hexagonal holes is improved, so that the product quality of aluminum alloy parts is more guaranteed and customers are more satisfied; Fourth, the operation of the new punching tool is simpler, and the operator is easier to master the key points of operation, which is not easy to cause workpiece scrap due to errors; Fifth, the punching tool is simple in structure, low in manufacturing cost and easy to popularize.

When selecting the positioning datum, the machining center, like ordinary machine tools, should consider the processing conditions of each station in an all-round way, so as to achieve three purposes: first, the selected datum must be able to ensure the accurate positioning of the workpiece and facilitate the loading and unloading of the workpiece. It can complete the positioning and clamping of the workpiece at the fastest speed, and the clamping is reliable, and the fixture structure should be as simple as possible; Second, the selected datum requirements and the calculation of each dimension of each processing part should be as simple as possible, so as to reduce the calculation of dimension chain and avoid errors or errors in the calculation link as far as possible; The third is to ensure the accuracy of all processing. When determining the specific positioning datum of parts on the machining center, we must pay attention to the following important principles: Take the design datum as the positioning datum When machining parts with machining centers, try to choose the design datum on the parts as the positioning datum when selecting the positioning datum. When it is necessary to formulate the processing scheme of parts, the best precision datum should be selected to complete the processing. Therefore, in the rough machining stage, we must consider how to process all surfaces of the precision datum. In other words, each positioning datum used on the machining center should be processed in the previous ordinary machine tool or machining center process, so as to effectively ensure the accuracy relationship between the machining surfaces of each station. In particular, if some surfaces need to be clamped for many times or processed on other machine tools, selecting the same datum positioning as the design datum can not only avoid the positioning error caused by the non coincidence of the datum, ensure the machining accuracy, but also simplify the programming. Make the positioning datum coincide with the design datum However, in some cases, it is impossible to complete the station processing including the design datum on the machining center at the same time, so we should try to make the positioning datum coincide with the design datum. At the same time, we should also consider whether the machining of all key precision parts can be completed in one clamping after positioning with this benchmark. In order to avoid the deformation, bumps and scratches of parts caused by repeated turnover and non important dimensional processing of parts after finishing, the process completed on the machining center is usually arranged at the end. Positioning mode in which all surfaces are machined When the machining center needs both the machining datum and the machining of each station, the selection of its positioning datum must consider the completion of as many machining contents as possible. Therefore, it is necessary to use a positioning method that is convenient for all surfaces to be processed. For example, for box processing, it is best to adopt the positioning method of one side and two pins, so that the tool can process other surfaces. Strictly stipulate the geometric tolerance of positioning and design basis If the positioning datum and design datum of the part can't coincide, the assembly drawing should be carefully analyzed to determine the design function of the design datum of the part, and the geometric common deviation range between the positioning datum and design datum should be strictly stipulated through the calculation of dimension chain to ensure the required machining accuracy. If you use a machining center with automatic measurement function, you can arrange a program to automatically control the probe to detect the design basis before each part is processed, and let the system automatically correct the coordinate system, so as to ensure the geometric relationship between each processing part and the design basis. There is a definite geometric relationship between the origin of the coordinate system and the positioning datum The origin of the coordinate system of the workpiece on the machining center, that is, the "programming zero point", does not necessarily coincide with the positioning datum of the part, but there must be a definite geometric relationship between them. When selecting the origin of the coordinate system, the main consideration is to facilitate programming and measurement. When selecting the positioning datum, the main consideration is whether the coordinate origin can be accurately measured through the positioning datum, especially for parts with high dimensional accuracy requirements, it is more necessary to ensure the accuracy of measurement.

The reason for editing and modifying the tool path is that for many complex surface parts and molds, in order to generate the tool path, it is often necessary to extend the surface to be machined and its constraint surface, and construct some auxiliary surfaces. At this time, the generated tool path generally exceeds the range of the machining surface, and it needs to be cut and edited appropriately; In addition, the original data used in surface modeling makes the generated surface not very smooth in many cases. At this time, the generated tool path may have an abnormal scene at some arrival points. All these require the tool path editing function. 1、 Functions of tool path editing system Generally speaking, the functions of the tool path editing system include the following aspects: 1. Tool path index and position data list 2. Fast graphic display of tool path 3. Geometric transformation of tool path 4. Deletion and restoration of tool path 5. Cutting, segmentation, connection and restoration of tool path 6. Modification of tool location on the tool path 7. Homogenization of cutting points on the cutting path 8. Transposition and reversal of tool path 9. Saving and loading of tool path 10. Arrangement of tool path For a specific image CNC programming system, its tool path editing system may only contain some functions. 2、 Design of tool path editing system The basic concept of data structure design of tool path editing system. 1. Edit objects: tool path, cutting block, cutting line, cutting segment, and tool location. 2. Tool path: the set of cutting lines in the buffer of the tool cabinet. 3. Cutting block: a subset of adjacent cutting lines in the tool path. 4. Cutting line: a set of continuous tool points. 5. Cutting segment: a subset of adjacent tool points on the same surface in the cutting line. 6. Knife position: Knife Center + appropriate amount of knife axis + normal vector of knife swing plane. 3、 Operating instructions of system data structure Before editing the tool path, first open the tool position file where the tool path to be edited is located, then dynamically apply for the allocation of the original cutting line buffer according to the size of the edited object data, and load the edited object into the load original cutting line buffer.

The milling cutter used for milling is a rotary cutting tool with one or more cutter teeth. When working, each cutter tooth cuts the workpiece in turn to remove the workpiece allowance, so as to process the plane, steps, grooves and other structures, or cut the workpiece. In this process, both the blade and the knife body play an important role. Therefore, when choosing which milling cutter should be used, we need to consider the blade and cutter body comprehensively.   Selection of milling cutter blades It is suitable to use pressed blades in rough machining and ground blades in finish machining. Although the dimensional accuracy and sharpness of the pressed blade are not as good as those of the ground blade, and the height of each blade tip on the blade body varies a lot, which can not meet the accuracy requirements of finishing, its low cost and high edge strength make it have good impact resistance and can withstand large cutting depth and feed in rough machining. In addition, some of these blades are equipped with chip curling grooves on the rake face, which can effectively reduce the cutting force, reduce the friction between the blade and the workpiece and chips, and reduce the power demand. Therefore, the pressed blade is more suitable for rough machining. The first factor to be considered in finishing is machining accuracy, so the grinding blade with compact surface and better dimensional accuracy, which can obtain higher positioning accuracy, has become an inevitable choice. The blade should have a large positive rake cutting edge, so as to ensure that the blade will not rub with the workpiece during small feed, small cutting and deep cutting, so as to shorten the service life of the blade. The milled large rake blade can be used to mill viscous materials, such as stainless steel. Through the cutting action of the sharp blade, the friction between the blade and the workpiece material is reduced, and the chip can leave the front of the blade faster. Pressing blade and grinding blade can also be used in combination. The pressing blade is installed in the blade seat, and then equipped with a ground scraping blade. The advantage of this is obvious. Rough machining is realized by pressing the blade. Almost at the same time, grinding the scraping blade can remove the knife marks left by rough machining and achieve better surface roughness. This method enables the rough machining and finishing processes to be carried out at the same time, which greatly reduces the processing time and saves the processing cost. This method is not only suitable for milling, but also widely used in turning, grooving and other processing fields.   Selection of milling cutter body The cutter body of milling cutter is usually costly and expensive. For example, the price of a face milling cutter body with a diameter of 100 mm may be as high as more than 600 US dollars, so we should be more careful when choosing the cutter body. First of all, pay attention to the number of teeth when selecting the tool body. The size of tooth pitch will determine the stability of milling and the requirements for the cutting rate of the machine tool. Generally, the number of teeth of rough tooth milling cutter is small, the average cutting load of each tooth is large, and its chip holding groove is also large, which can effectively reduce the friction between the tool and the workpiece. It is suitable for rough machining, and requires large power during cutting. The dense tooth milling cutter has more teeth, less average cutting load per tooth and smaller chip holding groove, which is suitable for finishing. Due to the shallow cutting depth and low metal removal rate of finish machining, the power required is also relatively small. The dense tooth milling cutter can sometimes be used for rough milling. For example, for the spindle with large taper hole specification and good rigidity, higher requirements are put forward for the rigidity and power of the machine tool and the size of the chip holding groove of the milling cutter. If the rigidity is not enough, it will cause the vibration of the machine tool and lead to the edge collapse of the cemented carbide blade, thus shortening the tool life. At this time, it is still necessary to consider using a coarse tooth milling cutter with fewer teeth. If the chip discharge is not smooth, the cutting amount needs to be adjusted in time.

During the processing and production of parts, due to the different materials and requirements of parts, the machining process routes used are also different. If the same machining process route is adopted in time, the production efficiency and economic benefits will also be different. Under the condition of ensuring the quality of parts, it is necessary to reasonably design the machining process route of parts in order to achieve the purpose of high-quality precision quality and maximum economic benefit. 1. Production process This is a process of transforming design drawings into products, which requires a series of manufacturing. Generally, the production process refers to the process of transforming raw materials or semi-finished products into products. The production process mainly includes the following aspects: (1) Before production, we need to go through technical preparations, including market research, prediction, determination of new products, process design and preparation review before the product is put into production. (2) The technological process is to change the size, shape, surface position, surface roughness and performance of raw materials to make them into finished products. For example, we are familiar in the processing sound field: liquid forming, plastic deformation forming, welding, powder forming, cutting processing, heat treatment, surface treatment, assembly, etc., which are all process processing processes. The process specification is to compile a reasonable process into a known document. (3) Auxiliary production is an activity that we can not ignore in the production process, although it is not the main one. It is also an indispensable part of production. (4) The process of production service includes the organization, transportation, storage, supply, packaging and sales of materials. 2. Composition of process The parts will go through several processes during the cutting process, and each different process can be composed of station, work step, tool walking and installation. (1) Process mainly refers to a set of complete and continuous technological processes carried out on a machine tool or at a work place. The basis for dividing the process is mainly to see whether the work place or the work is interrupted and continuous. (2) A work step is a part of a process that occurs when the rotational speed and feed rate of the workpiece's machined surface, cutting tools and cutting parameters remain unchanged. If the process is to process more surfaces, it can be divided into several steps. The unit that constitutes the process in production is the work step. (3) The allowance of the cutting tool to cut a small area from the machined surface is called cutting. If the margin to be cut is too large, it is impossible or not suitable for one cut, it can be completed several times. (4) The process of installing the part that is completed after the workpiece is clamped once is called installation. (5) The station is relative to the fixed part of the tool or equipment, and the workpiece occupies each processing position, which is called the station. Generally, in processing, the station in a process is installed once, and sometimes it may be installed many times.

With the sound of intelligent manufacturing horn, industrial robots have become a beacon for the development and progress of manufacturing industry in the future. More and more enterprises begin to purchase and use industrial robots. It is undeniable that with the continuous progress of robot R & D and manufacturing technology, such equipment can bring more convenience to industrial production, but the premise is that enterprises should know whether they really need robots? What kind of robot is needed? How to use robots? If these three problems are not clear, the use of robots will fall into some misunderstandings. Next, let's analyze the main misunderstandings in the use of industrial robots. Myth 1: leave everything to robots After some enterprises have robots, they believe too much in the processing ability of robots, and many of the tasks arranged, from workload to complexity, are beyond the normal use rules of robots. The harm caused by this is great. On the one hand, the increased workload may lengthen the cycle of robot operation, which is inconsistent with the work pace of other equipment on the assembly line, resulting in the normal operation of the whole assembly line. On the other hand, too complex tasks will increase the computational burden of the robot processor, resulting in equipment failures. Once failures occur, unplanned shutdown will be inevitable. Therefore, when arranging the work for the robot, we must follow the correct operating procedures, especially to determine the travel load and cycle time of the robot application, and the work must not be excessive or too detailed. Before using the robot, we must also go through simulation to check whether it can operate normally and keep pace with the production line. Only after the verification is qualified can it be officially operated. Myth 2: ignore the tool load and inertia of robots Well, through the elaboration of the first misunderstanding, robot users already know that when arranging work for robots, they should consider the load they bear, so what misunderstanding exists when calculating the load? Usually, when people calculate the load, it is easy to ignore the weight of the tools installed at the end of the manipulator and the inertia it produces. The weight of the tool and its inertia may cause the robot axis load to exceed the allowable maximum value. This will not only affect the accuracy of the robot operation, but also damage its service life. There are two ways to solve this problem, one is to directly reduce the load of the robot, the other is to reduce the running speed. However, reducing the running speed will lead to the lengthening of the cycle cycle, and then there is the problem of inconsistent pace of the production line. So the best way is to reduce the payload of the robot. When calculating the payload, reduce the tool load from the total load. Only in this way can the robot work within the allowable load range. Myth 3: misunderstanding of accuracy and repeatability Repeatability refers to the precise back and forth movement of the robot between the given positions according to the specified working path. Accuracy refers to the movement of the robot accurately moving to a previously calculated point according to the working path. Repeatability and accuracy are two completely different concepts, which are like the concept of bus and private car. Private car can accurately move to any "point" you want to go, but bus can only go back and forth between bus stops. An accurate machine can be repeated, but a repeatable machine does not necessarily have accuracy. In the handling action, the robot moves to some established positions through calculation, which mainly uses the precise performance of the robot. The accuracy is directly related to the mechanical tolerance and the accuracy of the robot arm. The higher the accuracy, the higher the speed. In addition, the robot reducer is also an important key structure to ensure the accuracy of the robot. Myth 4: ignoring the management of robot cables Some things seem simple, but if mismanagement is easy to cause big problems, such is the cable of robot. Most of the robots and the tools installed at the end of their arms are externally wired, which brings certain hidden dangers to the operation of the robot - the entanglement of the mechanical arm and the cable may occur during the operation. Once so, it will produce unnecessary force on the manipulator and make it make unnecessary actions. In serious cases, the cable may even be damaged, resulting in equipment shutdown. Therefore, for the external cable of the robot and its tools, its routing path must be carefully optimized to ensure that it does not conflict with the action of the robot. Of course, some equipment cables are built-in, which will cause the above problems and reduce a lot of trouble.

When using CNC machine tools, it is necessary to maintain the CNC machine tools every day. The daily maintenance mainly includes: 1. Guide rail lubricating oil tank, oil pointer, oil volume: the oil pointer and oil volume meet the requirements, and the pump can start and stop regularly. 2. All guide rail surfaces of the shaft: remove chips and dirt, lubricate adequately, and the guide rail is free of scratches. 3. Compressed air source pressure: the pneumatic control pressure is normal. 4. Air source, automatic water separator air filter, automatic dryer: clean the water filtered out by the water separator in time, and the automatic dryer works normally. 5. Oil level of gas-liquid steering gear and oil level of gas-liquid supercharger: when the oil level is lower than the minimum limit, fill the oil in time. 6. Main shaft lubrication Thermostatic Oil Tank: it works normally, the temperature range is adjusted, and the oil volume is sufficient. 7. Hydraulic system of machine tool: no noise, normal pressure, no leakage of pipelines and joints, and the working oil level meets the requirements. 8. Hydraulic balance system: the balance pressure indication is normal. When the balance coordinate moves rapidly, the balance valve works normally. 9. Input and output devices of CNC system: the photoelectric reader is clean and the mechanical structure is well lubricated. 10. Numerical control, PC, machine tool electrical cabinet, heat dissipation and ventilation: the cooling fan of each electrical cabinet works normally, and the air duct filter screen is not blocked. 11. All protective covers: the guide rail and machine tool cover are free of looseness and water leakage, and the electrical cabinet is well sealed. 12. Clean the filter screen of the electrical cabinet. CNC machine programming and operation - preventive maintenance in CNC machine operation jpg The above is routine maintenance. For CNC machine tools, minor inspection and repair are also required every six months: 1. Ball screw: clean the old grease and apply new grease. 2. Constant temperature oil tank for shaft lubrication: clean the filter and replace the lubricating oil. 3. Hydraulic oil circuit: clean the overflow valve, pressure reducing valve, oil filter and the bottom of the oil tank to keep the hydraulic oil clean. A major inspection shall be carried out every year: 1. Check or replace the carbon brush of servo motor: the carbon brush length is appropriate, and the new carbon brush can be used normally only after running in. 2. Oil filter of lubricating oil pump: clean the bottom of lubricating oil pool and replace the oil filter in time. There are also some that need to be inspected and maintained irregularly: 1. Insert strips of each guide rail and press the rollers: this needs to be adjusted according to the machine tool manual of the CNC machine tool. 2. Cooling water tank: clean the bottom of the water tank, clean the filter and keep the coolant clean. 3. Chip conveyor: clean the chips without jamming. 4. Waste oil pool: remove waste oil in time. 5. Spindle drive belt: adjust the tightness according to the machine tool manual.

Various types and functions of process holes The shape of the process hole can be round, square or other shapes. Its dimensional tolerance and geometric tolerance can be neither specific nor strict. The process hole may or may not appear in the design drawing of the part. It can remain after processing, or it can disappear after processing. In a word, the process hole has great flexibility, which is reasonable as long as it can be easily processed and assembled without affecting the appearance and normal use of the parts. Process holes are widely used in machining. The main functions are divided into the following three types. Let's have a look. It is conducive to ensuring machining accuracy Some parts have a large number of inclined planes and inclined holes, which makes it difficult to process. Although the positions and inclination angles of these inclined planes and inclined holes are different, they often have one or more central datum points. The processing personnel can find the positions of these datum points, process the process pin holes on these positions, and install the straight pins in the holes, which is of great benefit to the smooth progress of table marking, reverse dimension and inspection. It should be noted that since the direct pin must have high accuracy, the tolerance of the process pin hole also has strict requirements. In addition, the hole can be punched on the workpiece or on the tooling, which depends on the shape of the workpiece and the specific position of the datum point. When machining excircles for crankshaft parts, lengthened collets of appropriate length should be reserved at both ends of the total length of the crankshaft, and the process center hole should be punched on the collet according to the position of the center of each excircle, so as to help the lathe or grinder align. Taking the process center hole as the top hole for double apex alignment can play a good role in ensuring the machining accuracy of the excircle. It should be noted that after each excircle is processed, it must be aligned according to the excircle on the boring machine, and the process center hole on the chuck must be refined until all excircles are finished, and then the chuck can be processed. Easy to install parts For some liner parts, there are often very strict requirements for the dimensional tolerance, geometric tolerance and surface roughness in the thickness direction, and grinding machines must be used for finishing. Generally, iron metal parts can be clamped in the form of adsorption, but if they are made of copper, aluminum and other materials, it will be more difficult to clamp. In this case, some process threaded holes with a diameter slightly smaller than the closing hole can be machined from the position of the closing hole on the drawing, and these threaded holes can be used for clamping. If it is put on the iron tooling, then the iron tooling is adsorbed on the workbench. After finishing the grinding process, expand the process threaded hole into a smooth hole, so that there will be no trace left on the drawing. Don't despise "small" process holes -- "large" is used as 2.jpg in machining Improve processing efficiency Sometimes, working on the workpiece can also remove large processing volume and improve processing efficiency. For example, when processing the jaw frame of the stretching straightener, an enterprise uses the planing method to process the large T-shaped groove of the jaw on the shaper. The length of this large T-shaped groove is large, reaching 1 meter. There is a small groove with a width of 62mm. Due to the low processing efficiency of the planer, it took three days to complete the processing, which seriously slowed down the progress of the project. After research and improvement, the processing personnel tried to drill a process through hole with a diameter of 40mm at the small groove position to remove the large processing volume in advance. The efficiency of punching is much higher than that of planer planing, so although one process is divided into two, the processing efficiency is greatly improved. After the actual processing test, the efficiency is more than twice that of the original. In addition, multiple process holes of the same parts can be combined and processed at the same time, which can further improve the processing efficiency. It is a good choice in machining.

Industrial robots are robots with multi joint manipulators or high degrees of freedom used in industrial production. It can not only perform work automatically according to the pre arranged program, but also accept human command. Modern industrial robots can also act according to the principles and programs formulated by artificial intelligence technology. Application of industrial robots Industrial robots have been used as machine hosts in welding, handling, assembly and other applications. But in other fields, especially when industrial robots are used together with machine tools, they usually play a role as auxiliary machines. The structural relationship between robots and machine tools can be divided into two forms: robots installed outside the machine tools and robots integrated with the machine tools. Robots installed outside the machine tool can be divided into fixed, mobile and scaffolding types. Now let's introduce the specific application cases of industrial robots and machine tools: Loading and unloading of single machine According to the material, shape, size, structure, quantity and other parameters of the parts to be processed, the required parts are removed from the whole or the whole batch of materials. This process is called blanking. The process of transporting materials to the processing position is called feeding. Loading and unloading of single machine is the most typical and mature application case of industrial robots and machine tools. Compared with manual loading and unloading, robot loading and unloading operation has great advantages, which is not only more accurate and faster, but also better guaranteed in safety. For the processing of small and medium-sized parts with large batch production and short processing time, or for heavy workpieces that need to be hoisted, the advantages of robot loading and unloading are particularly obvious. Flexible production line Flexible production line is a production line composed of multiple production equipment that can be adjusted manually and equipped with automatic conveying devices. Relying on the management of information system, it can combine various production modes, so as to reduce production costs and make the best use of everything. In the flexible production line with the participation of robots, robots generally undertake the work of process conversion, while the layout of machine tools depends on factors such as process routes and site conditions, usually in the form of L-shaped, U-shaped, linear, opposite layout, etc. This application mode is more complex than single machine loading and unloading, but it is also more valuable. In the current process of industrial transformation and upgrading, the market demand is becoming stronger and stronger. Jointly complete the processing process In addition to participating in workpiece transfer, robots can also complete machining processes with machine tools. Robots hold workpieces and machine tools complete processing, which is widely used in punching, shearing and bending machines. Robots directly participate in processing, which replaces all the original manual operations, and compared with human operation, robots are more accurate and fast, so that product quality and production efficiency have been greatly improved. In addition, this application method also completely eliminates the hidden danger of industrial injury of stamping machine tools, and makes a contribution to safety production. Complete the processing process independently The robot can not only cooperate with the machine tool for processing, but also complete some processing procedures independently. In this case, the robot itself is a machine tool. As long as the robot is equipped with special claws, it can complete the process of cutting, grinding, polishing, cleaning and so on. If the robot holds the cutting tool, it can also directly cut, punch, tap and rivet the workpiece. With the development of sensors, Internet of things and other technologies, robots have visual and tactile functions. Such robots are already competent for complex processes such as assembly and parts sorting. Even for loading and unloading, the special working position apparatus with positioning device can be omitted. In addition, robots can also be used in some extreme working environments. For example, if the robot is equipped with special claws, it can operate in a high-temperature environment, and carry out operations that are difficult to be directly completed manually, such as casting, forging, molten iron extraction, pouring, hot blanks up and down, and hot mold replacement.

There are many kinds of metal cutting processes, among which planing and slotting processes are very common in production. In planing and slotting, the quality of cutting tools directly affects the accuracy, surface roughness and production efficiency of the workpiece. Therefore, the correct selection of geometric angle and reasonable grinding of planer and slotter is one of the important contents of planer and slotter technology. 1、 Types of planing and inserting knives （1） Types and uses of planers 1. According to different processing shapes and uses: generally there are plane planer, partial cutter, cutter, bending cutter, angle planer and forming planer, etc. (1) Plane planer: used for planing horizontal planes. (2) Offset cutter: used for planing vertical plane, step surface and outer inclined plane. (3) Cutter: used for planing rectangular grooves and cutting workpieces. (4) Bending cutter: used for planing T-shaped grooves, etc. (5) Angle planer: used for planing angular workpiece, such as dovetail groove and inner inclined plane. (6) Forming planer: used for planing 1-shaped grooves and special shaped surfaces. 2. By shape and structure: there are left planer and right planer, straight planer and elbow planer, integral planer and combined planer, etc. (1) Left planer and right planer: they are distinguished according to the left and right positions of the main cutting edge when working. The left and right planers can also be distinguished according to the different directions of the main cutting edges indicated by the thumbs of the left and right hands. (2) Straight head planer and elbow planer: the planer handle is straight longitudinally, which is called straight head planer; The planer whose head bends backward is called an elbow planer. When the elbow planer is subjected to large cutting resistance, the bending deformation produced by the tool handle bounces back and up, so the tool tip will not bite into the workpiece, which can avoid damaging the planer or biting the machining surface. Therefore, this planer is widely used. (3) Integral planer and combined planer: the integral planer is made of a cutting tool material; The combined planer is welded or mechanically clamped by the handle and head of different materials. (4) Indexable cutter: This is a new type of cutter. The multi blade blade is mechanically clamped on the head of the knife body. When in use, grinding is not required. When one cutting edge is blunt, just turn the blade to a certain angle and cut with another cutting edge until all cutting edges are blunt before replacing the blade. （2） Types and uses of knife inserts 1. According to different processing purposes: there are generally two kinds of sharp knives and cutting knives. (1) Sharp knife: used for rough inserting or cutting polygon holes. (2) Cutter: used for fine inserting or cutting rectangular grooves. 2. According to the structural form, it can be divided into integral knife and combined knife. (1) Integral slotting cutter: its cutter head and handle are integrated, and the cross-sectional area of the cutter bar is small, so the rigidity is poor. It is easy to deform and damage during slotting, and the processing quality is not high. (2) Combined knife inserting: the knife handle is separated from the knife head, and the knife head is installed on the knife bar. One is that the cutter head is horizontally installed in the handle; The other is installed vertically in the handle. The former has a thick handle and good rigidity, which is suitable for rough insertion; The latter is suitable for slotting inner keyways and square holes with small aperture. The combined knife is easy to use and widely used.