China Shenzhen Perfect Precision Product Co., Ltd. company news

CNC machining center is an automatic machine tool for efficient machining with many functions. Bearing is a part of CNC machining center, its main function is to support the rotation of the machine, reduce the coefficient of friction generated in its movement and ensure its rotary accuracy. First. Knock method When knocking, the force is concentrated on the inner ring of the bearing; this method is relatively simple, but it is easy to damage the bearing. When dismantling the bearing underground with an object pad, and then use a hand hammer to knock lightly before the bearing will be removed.   Second, pull out method When using the special puller, just turn the handle to pull out the bearing. It must be noted that the puller is stuck on the end face of the inner ring of the bearing, and the bending angle of the puller is less than 90°.   Third, push pressure method It should be noted that the method can be achieved through the press, which is safer for the bearing, but one of the things to note is that the pressure point of the press should be placed on the center of the shaft.   Fourth, the hot dismantling method If the bearing will be about 100 bearings with oil kettle injected into the bearing, according to the principle of thermal expansion cooling contraction, the bearing will expand when heated, but at this time can be pulled out with the assistance of pulling piece; use this method to be small, to avoid being burned.   Five, induction heating method This method is better, cnc machining bearing circle to produce induction current, bearing heat expansion, easy to remove the spindle.

In the absence of precision machinery, the traditional processing methods used by mechanical parts machinists not only affect the production speed of the parts, but also significantly reduce the manufacturing quality of the parts. However, we know that efficiency and quality are the basis of business survival, especially when small and medium-sized enterprises increase their orders, the production volume must also reach a considerable standard. Currently, only precision machining is available in the society to meet this standard. The processing of precision mechanical parts depends on advanced manufacturing technology, efficient and high-precision automated production equipment. Therefore, the equipment is equipped with the first priority. Precision parts machining process is the process of specifying the process and operation method of parts machining. Under specific production conditions, the more reasonable process and operation methods are written into the process documents in the prescribed form and used to guide on-site production after approval. The process flow of precision machining process parts generally includes the process route of parts processing, the specific content of each process, the equipment and process equipment used, the inspection items and inspection methods of the parts, the rated time and cutting volume, etc.   Precision parts machining has many advantages, which can effectively improve production and efficiency, have considerable feed benefits and reduce business costs. Precision manufacturing and processing technology can also improve labor conditions, shorten working time, reduce labor intensity and improve civilized production. In addition, precision machining can reduce more personnel and site rentals, shorten production cycles, reduce costs and save energy. Therefore, the application of precision machining technology has many benefits. Precision machining of mechanical parts uses automatic detection and monitoring devices, which helps to improve the output and stability of products, and flexible automated production can quickly adapt to product changes. Therefore, the impact of precision machining technology on industrial production is actually very great, but the initial investment in precision machining parts processing technology will be relatively high. Therefore, the user needs to be careful when selecting a precision machining manufacturer, a good processor can bring more quality, efficiency of product processing, and can reduce the overall cost.

Surface roughness of machined mechanical parts is an important technical indicator reflecting the micro-geometric error of machined surface layer of mechanical parts, is the main basis for testing the quality of the surface layer of the parts, directly related to the quality of goods, service life, product cost. The methods of selecting the surface roughness of mechanical parts are calculation methods, testing methods and analogous ways. A common application in the machining design of mechanical parts is the analogical approach, which is simple, fast and reasonable. The application requires adequate references and a wide range of materials and references are given in various current mechanical construction design guides. Commonly, surface roughness is compatible with dimensional tolerance levels. In general, the smaller the standard tolerances specified for machining and production of mechanical parts, the smaller the value of surface roughness of mechanical parts, but there is no fixed functional relationship between them. Mechanical parts machining strength is the ability of the part not to break or undergo more than the allowed plastic deformation during work, and is the most basic provision for all normal operation and production safety of the equipment. Standard countermeasures to improve the strength of the parts are: in order to expand the specifications of the risky cross-section of the parts, expand the moment of inertia of the cross-section, effectively design the case of the cross-section; the use of high-strength raw materials, the raw materials to expand the heat treatment process to improve the strength and reduce the thermal stress, operation manufacturing process to reduce or eliminate microscopic shortcomings, etc.; in order to reduce the load of the parts to reduce the stress level, etc., the structure of the parts should be properly involved.

What are the constraints of intelligent manufacturing of precision parts processing? Precision parts processing With the increasingly clear division of labor, enterprises no longer pursue only big and comprehensive, but pay more attention to their core capabilities. If you focus on product development and market development. Then this production system over will form some specialized manufacturers especially some precision industries, the need to produce some of these enterprises. In the face of the market, this kind of enterprise product variety, small scale, many products are even single piece production. In this case, the production cost and efficiency depend on the quality and ability of the staff. Such enterprises are constrained by more factors when they engage in smart manufacturing. First, the products are diverse and complex, and it is difficult to complete the production with some simple equipment, which requires complex process flow. This will lead to a long and complex production line. Therefore, a more complete equipment function or more intensive process is needed. Therefore, its equipment tends to horizontal machining centers, five-axis machine tools, composite machines and other equipment.   Second, precision parts processing will have higher requirements for talent; many of them belong to single-piece small batch production, which needs to be improved by processing application technology to achieve product processing. Therefore, in order to process high quality products, more people need to understand the processing, process and function of the product itself.   Third, due to the complexity of its products in small batches, online quality control of the product processing can be achieved so that the product can be inspected in the process, or to a certain extent, the product is processed to confirm and correct the coordinates, and the product can be confirmed before going off the line to achieve product quality control. In order to avoid the product does not meet the requirements of multiple clamping before processing. At present, due to the high precision of parts processing, with high product accuracy, complex parts, small batch characteristics, greatly limit the realization of our automation. Even if we could automate, the cost would be very high. Therefore, the best solution for such products is to work with people and machines. In terms of arrangement, try to use the FMS line for wiring. In the FMS line, a zero-point positioning system is combined with a special fixture to clamp parts outside the line for automatic in-line machining and production.   It improves the automation and flexibility of the part processing process, and also provides the utilization rate of our production line. In addition, the processing of precision parts requires strict control of the external environment. Since we are machining products, the factor that has the greatest impact on accuracy is temperature. On the one hand, temperature affects the accuracy of our own machine tools, and on the other hand, it affects the deformation of the material. The theoretical data is not consistent with the actual data. Therefore, the machine itself needs to be equipped with various temperature control means, such as adding chip fluid temperature control, spindle and screw for temperature control, etc. In addition, there is a need to establish a constant temperature workshop for such production lines. Minimize the influence of temperature on product processing accuracy.

Companies in the process of precision parts processing, not only to ensure the quality, but also carefully maintain the external beauty and generosity. To better ensure that precision parts are not corroded by sweat, gas and other components, they are always in factory condition and have a longer service life. When packing the parts after release, a separate sealed packing method must be used. At the same time, they must be scrubbed with automotive gasoline or ethanol, with gloves for work and drying, followed by cotton wool for protection. In the processing of various types of mechanical parts, the balance screw is very easy to produce scratches and difficult to process due to deep slotting, small overall width and small tolerance range of specification size. to ensure the size. From the traditional processing process, combined with the current gauges, grinding and polishing of the mold shell and lubrication of the slotting can be carried out before processing; so that the balance screw and the mold sleeve are processed at the same time, and there is a small gap between the mold sleeve and the product workpiece, which not only improves the rigidity of the slotting and reduces the probability of deformation, but also makes the precision of the balance screw more demanding. The standard is the point, line and surface used to clarify the geometric correlation between the geometric factors of the manufacturing target. For machining mechanical parts, the standard is the point, line, and surface on which the other points, lines, and surfaces on the part are clarified. In the design scheme and production process of equipment parts, the selection of points, lines and faces according to different regulations is one of the key elements that directly affect the machining performance of the part and the specifications between the faces and the accuracy of the part. According to the function and use of different places, the standard can be divided into two categories of design program standards and processing process standards.  

In the absence of precision machinery, the traditional processing methods used by mechanical parts machinists not only affect the production speed of the parts, but also significantly reduce the manufacturing quality of the parts. However, we know that efficiency and quality are the basis of business survival, especially when small and medium-sized enterprises increase their orders, the production volume must also reach a considerable standard. Currently only precision machining can meet this standard in our society. The processing of precision mechanical parts depends on advanced manufacturing technology, efficient and high-precision automated production equipment. Therefore, the equipment is equipped with the first priority. Precision parts machining technology is the process of specifying the machining processes and operating methods for the parts. Under specific production conditions, the more reasonable process and operation methods are written into the process documents in a prescribed form and used to guide on-site production after approval. The process flow of precision machined parts generally includes the process route of parts processing, the specific content of each process, the equipment and process equipment used, the inspection items and inspection methods of the parts, the rated time and cutting volume, etc.   There are many advantages of precision parts machining, which can effectively improve production and efficiency, have considerable feed benefits and reduce business costs. Precision manufacturing and processing technology can also improve labor conditions, shorten working time, reduce labor intensity and improve civilized production. In addition, precision machining can reduce more personnel and site rent, shorten the production cycle, reduce costs and save energy. Therefore, the application of precision machining technology has many benefits.   Precision machining of mechanical parts uses automatic detection and monitoring devices, which helps to improve the output and stability of products, and flexible automated production can quickly adapt to product changes. Therefore, the impact of precision machining technology on industrial production is actually very great, but the initial investment in precision machining parts processing technology will be relatively high. Therefore, users need to be careful when choosing a precision machining manufacturer. A good machinist can bring better quality and efficient product processing and can reduce the overall cost. Surface roughness of mechanical parts machining is an important technical index reflecting the micro geometric error of mechanical parts machining surface, is the main basis for testing the quality of the surface layer of the parts, directly related to the quality of goods, service life, product cost. The methods of selecting the surface roughness of mechanical parts are calculation methods, testing methods and analogous ways.   A common application in the machining design of mechanical parts is the analogical approach, which is simple, fast and reasonable; the application of this requires sufficient reference material, and a large amount of material and reference material is currently given in various mechanical structure design guides. Commonly, surface finish is compatible with dimensional tolerance levels. Generally speaking, the smaller the standard tolerance for machining and production of mechanical parts, the smaller the surface roughness value of mechanical parts, but there is no fixed functional relationship between them.   Mechanical parts machining strength is the ability of the part not to break or undergo more than the allowed plastic deformation during work, and is the basic provision for all normal operation and production safety of the equipment. Standard countermeasures to improve the strength of the part are: in order to expand the specifications of the risky cross-section of the part, expand the moment of inertia of the cross-section, effective design of the cross-section of the case; the use of high-strength raw materials, the raw materials to expand the heat treatment process to improve the strength and reduce thermal stress, operation of the manufacturing process to reduce or eliminate microscopic shortcomings, etc.; in order to reduce the load of the parts to reduce the stress level, etc., the structure of the parts should be properly involved.

Stainless Steel is the abbreviation of stainless and acid resistant steel. The steel that is resistant to weak corrosion media such as air, steam, water or has no rust is called stainless steel; The steel that is resistant to chemical corrosion medium (acid, alkali, salt and other chemical etching) is called acid resistant steel. In practical applications, steel resistant to weak corrosion medium is often called stainless steel, while steel resistant to chemical medium is called acid resistant steel. Due to the difference in chemical composition between the two, the former is not necessarily resistant to chemical medium corrosion, while the latter is generally stainless. The corrosion resistance of stainless steel depends on the alloy elements contained in the steel. Common classification: Generally, it is divided into: Austenitic stainless steel, ferritic stainless steel, martensitic stainless steel. On the basis of these three basic metallographic structures, dual phase steel, precipitation hardening stainless steel and high alloy steel with iron content less than 50% have been derived for specific needs and purposes. 1. Austenitic stainless steel. The matrix is mainly austenitic structure (CY phase) with face centered cubic crystal structure, which is nonmagnetic, and is mainly strengthened (and may lead to certain magnetism) by cold working. The American Iron and Steel Institute is indicated by 200 and 300 series numbers, such as 304. 2. Ferritic stainless steel. The matrix is mainly ferrite structure (a phase) with body centered cubic crystal structure, which is magnetic, and generally cannot be hardened by heat treatment, but can be slightly strengthened by cold working. The American Iron and Steel Institute is marked 430 and 446.   3. Martensitic stainless steel. The matrix is martensitic structure (body centered cubic or cubic), magnetic, and its mechanical properties can be adjusted through heat treatment. The American Iron and Steel Institute is indicated by the numbers 410, 420, and 440. Martensite has austenitic structure at high temperature. When it is cooled to room temperature at an appropriate rate, the austenitic structure can be transformed into martensite (i.e., hardened). 4. Austenitic ferritic (duplex) stainless steel. The matrix has both austenite and ferrite two-phase structures, and the content of less phase matrix is generally more than 15%, which is magnetic and can be strengthened by cold working. 329 is a typical duplex stainless steel. Compared with austenitic stainless steel, dual phase steel has higher strength, and its resistance to intergranular corrosion, chloride stress corrosion and pitting corrosion has been significantly improved. 5. Precipitation hardening stainless steel. Stainless steel whose matrix is austenitic or martensitic and can be hardened by precipitation hardening treatment. The American Iron and Steel Institute is marked with 600 series numbers, such as 630, i.e. 17-4PH. Generally speaking, except for alloy, austenitic stainless steel has excellent corrosion resistance. Ferritic stainless steel can be used in the environment with low corrosion. In the environment with mild corrosion, martensitic stainless steel and precipitation hardening stainless steel can be used if the material is required to have high strength or hardness. Thickness distinction: 1. Because in the rolling process of the steel plant machinery, the roll is slightly deformed due to heating, resulting in a deviation in the thickness of the rolled plate. Generally, the middle thickness is thin on both sides. When measuring the thickness of the plate, the central part of the plate head shall be measured according to national regulations. 2. Tolerance is generally divided into large tolerance and small tolerance according to market and customer demand: for example What kind of stainless steel is not easy to rust? There are three main factors affecting stainless steel corrosion: 1. The content of alloying elements. Generally speaking, steel with a chromium content of 10.5% is not easy to rust. The higher the content of chromium and nickel, the better the corrosion resistance. For example, the nickel content of 304 material should be 8-10%, and the chromium content should be 18-20%. In general, such stainless steel will not rust. 2. The smelting process of the manufacturer will also affect the corrosion resistance of stainless steel. Large stainless steel plants with good smelting technology, advanced equipment and advanced process can ensure the control of alloy elements, removal of impurities and control of billet cooling temperature, so the product quality is stable and reliable, the internal quality is good, and it is not easy to rust. On the contrary, some small steel plants are backward in equipment and technology. During smelting, impurities cannot be removed, and the products produced will inevitably rust. 3. External environment, dry and well ventilated environment is not easy to rust. However, areas with high air humidity, continuous rainy weather, or high pH in the air are prone to rust. 304 stainless steel will rust if the surrounding environment is too poor.   How to deal with rust spots on stainless steel? 1. Chemical methods Use pickling paste or spray to assist the rusted parts to passivate again and form chromium oxide film to restore its corrosion resistance. After pickling, in order to remove all pollutants and acid residues, it is very important to wash them properly with clean water. After all treatment, re polish with polishing equipment and seal with polishing wax. For those with slight rust spots locally, 1:1 gasoline engine oil mixture can also be used to remove the rust spots with a clean rag. 2. Mechanical method Blast cleaning, shot blasting with glass or ceramic particles, immersion, brushing and polishing. It is possible to remove the contamination caused by previously removed materials, polishing materials or annihilation materials by mechanical means. All kinds of pollution, especially foreign iron particles, may be the source of corrosion, especially in humid environment. Therefore, the mechanically cleaned surface should preferably be formally cleaned under dry conditions. Mechanical method can only be used to clean the surface, and can not change the corrosion resistance of the material itself. Therefore, it is recommended to re polish with polishing equipment after mechanical cleaning and seal with polishing wax. Commonly used stainless steel grades and properties of instruments 1. 304 stainless steel. It is one of the most widely used austenitic stainless steels with a large amount of applications. It is suitable for manufacturing deep drawing formed parts, acid transmission pipes, vessels, structural parts, various instrument bodies, etc., as well as non-magnetic and low-temperature equipment and components. 2. 304L stainless steel. The ultra-low carbon austenitic stainless steel developed to solve the serious intergranular corrosion tendency of 304 stainless steel caused by Cr23C6 precipitation under some conditions, its sensitized intergranular corrosion resistance is significantly better than 304 stainless steel. Except for lower strength, other properties are the same as 321 stainless steel. It is mainly used for corrosion resistant equipment and parts that need welding but cannot be solution treated, and can be used to manufacture various instrument bodies. 3. 304H stainless steel. For the internal branch of 304 stainless steel, the carbon mass fraction is 0.04% - 0.10%, and the high temperature performance is superior to 304 stainless steel. 4. 316 stainless steel. The addition of molybdenum on the basis of 10Cr18Ni12 steel makes the steel have good resistance to reducing medium and pitting corrosion. In seawater and other media, the corrosion resistance is superior to 304 stainless steel, mainly used for pitting corrosion resistant materials. 5. 316L stainless steel. Ultra low carbon steel, with good resistance to sensitized intergranular corrosion, is suitable for manufacturing thick section size welding parts and equipment, such as anti-corrosion materials in petrochemical equipment. 6. 316H stainless steel. For the internal branch of 316 stainless steel, the carbon mass fraction is 0.04% - 0.10%, and the high temperature performance is superior to that of 316 stainless steel. 7. 317 stainless steel. The resistance to pitting corrosion and creep is superior to 316L stainless steel. It is used to manufacture petrochemical and organic acid resistant equipment. 8. 321 stainless steel. Titanium stabilized austenitic stainless steel can be replaced by ultra-low carbon austenitic stainless steel because of its improved intergranular corrosion resistance and good high temperature mechanical properties. Except for special occasions such as high temperature or hydrogen corrosion resistance, it is generally not recommended to use.    

Why is precision machining always concerned? Take the submarine as an example. After diving for a period of time, it is necessary to verify the positioning. However, if the accuracy of the gyroscope bracket is high enough, the submarine does not need to come out. This high-precision bracket can only be processed by ultra precision machine tools. This shows the importance of precision machining. Top level slow wire processing technology, the top level slow wire processing machine represents the highest level at present, and the precision of the processed parts is very high, which can be guaranteed to be within ± 0.002mm... Not to mention, just watch the video directly. The slow threading machine tool is divided into four grades: top grade, top grade, middle grade and entry-level. 1. Top slow wire feeding machine tool The machining accuracy of this type of machine tool can be guaranteed to be within ± 0.002mm, the maximum machining efficiency can reach 400 ～ 500mm2/min, and the surface roughness can reach Ra0.05 μ m. It has perfect machining surface quality, almost no metamorphic layer on the surface, and can be used Φ 0.02mm electrode wire is used for micro finishing. Most hosts have a thermal balance system, and some machine tools use oil for cutting. This kind of machine tool has complete functions and high degree of automation. It can directly finish the precision machining of moulds. The service life of the moulds processed has reached the level of mechanical grinding. 2. High grade slow threading machine tool This kind of machine tool has the function of automatic threading, no resistance anti electrolysis power supply, integral thermal constant system, and can adopt Φ 0.07 ㎜ electrode wire shall be cut with an accuracy of ± 0.003 ㎜, the maximum machining efficiency shall be more than 300 ㎜ 2/min, and the surface roughness shall be Ra

There are many kinds of product appearance designs. Texture is one of the factors that affect the product appearance. Different textures can bring different styles and feelings. Let's briefly explain several surface texture realization processes. 1. Embossing Metal embossing is the process of embossing on the metal plate by mechanical equipment to make the plate surface appear concave convex patterns. The embossed metal plate is rolled with a work roll with a pattern. The work roll is usually processed with corrosive liquid. The concave and convex depth on the plate varies with the pattern, and the minimum can reach 0.02-0.03mm. After the work roll is rotated and rolled continuously, the pattern repeats periodically, and the length direction of the embossed plate is basically unlimited. At present, metal embossed plate is suitable for decorating elevator car, subway car, various cabins, building decoration, metal curtain wall and other industries. It is durable, wear-resistant, visually beautiful, easy to clean, maintenance free, impact resistant, pressure resistant, scratch resistant and does not leave fingerprints. 2. Metal wire drawing Metal wire drawing is the manufacturing process of repeatedly scraping aluminum plates out of lines with sandpaper. The metal wire drawing process can clearly show every trace of fine wire, so that the metal matt can have a fine hair luster. The product has a sense of fashion and technology. Drawing can be made into straight lines, random lines, threads, ripples and spiral lines according to the decorative needs. Straight lines: wire drawing refers to processing straight lines on the surface of aluminum plate by mechanical friction. Random lines: wire drawing is a kind of irregular, matt silk lines without obvious lines obtained by moving and rubbing the aluminum plate from front to back, left to right under the high-speed copper wire brush. Screw thread: a small motor with a round felt on the shaft is used to fix it on the table, forming an angle of about 60 degrees with the edge of the table. In addition, a carriage with fixed aluminum plates for pressing tea is made, and a polyester film with straight edges is pasted on the carriage to limit the thread race. Ripple: It is generally made on the brushing machine or the erasing machine. Use the axial movement of the upper group of grinding rollers to grind and brush on the surface of aluminum or aluminum alloy plates to obtain wavy patterns. Rotary pattern: it is a kind of silk pattern obtained by using cylindrical felt or grinded nylon wheel installed on the drilling machine, mixing kerosene with polishing paste, and rotating polishing on the surface of aluminum or aluminum alloy plate. It is mainly used for decorative processing of round signs and small decorative dials. 3. IML process: First of all, it is necessary to explain the concept: IMD includes IML, IMF and IMR IML: IN MOLDING LABEL IMF: IN MOLDING FILM IMR: IN MOLDING ROLLER The surface of IML products is a hardened transparent film, with a printing pattern layer in the middle and a plastic layer on the back. Because the ink is sandwiched in the middle, the product can prevent the surface from scratching and abrasion resistance, and can keep the color bright and not fade for a long time. The process flow is as follows: Cutting: Cut the roll shaped film into square blocks with designed size for printing and forming processes. Graphic printing: according to the required icons and characters, they are made into phenanthrene, and the icons and characters are printed on the cut film square block. Ink drying and fixing: place the printed film square in the high-temperature oven for drying, so as to fix the IML ink. Paste protective film: avoid scratching the printed film surface during the process of punching the positioning hole. Sometimes it is necessary to paste a single or double layer protective film. Punching locating hole: hot formed locating hole must be punched accurately. The positioning hole of the shearing process is sometimes punched in advance. Hot forming (high pressure or copper mold): After heating the printed film, use the high pressure machine or copper mold to form in the preheating state. Shearing peripheral shape: cut off the waste of the formed three-dimensional film. Material injection molding: put the film with the same three-dimensional shape as the front mold on the front mold, and inject the IML finished product. Textures can be realized: CD grain, brushed wire, fog surface, leather grain, wood grain, and various 3D patterns. However, because the outermost layer is made of film material, the texture has no touch. Product features: The film production cycle is short, which can show multiple colors; The pattern and color can be changed at any time during production; Excellent scratch resistance; IML production batch quantity is very flexible, and it is suitable for small quantity production of multiple varieties. Product application: 3C industry, mobile phone windows, mobile phone buttons, mobile phone LOGO, decorative pieces, etc. 4. IMR process: IMR (in mold transfer printing) This process is to print the pattern on the film, press the film with the mold cavity through the film feeder, separate the patterned ink layer from the film after extrusion, and leave the ink layer on the plastic part to obtain the plastic part with decorative patterns on the surface. There is no transparent protective film on the final product surface, and the film is only a carrier in the production process. IMR products are not easy to deform, the product edges are completely covered, and the edge adhesion is strong. It is very easy to change the roll of IMR transfer foil. The process is simple, so the defective rate can be controlled within a few points. The process is simple, so the personnel demand can be minimized. The pattern alignment is perfect, and the hardness can reach 2H. The production is highly automated and the cost of mass production is low. Textures can be realized: wood, bamboo, marble, leather and other textures Product disadvantage: The printing pattern layer is only a few microns thick on the surface of the product. After the product is used for a period of time, the printing pattern layer is easy to wear off and fade, resulting in a very ugly surface. In addition, the new product development cycle is long and the development cost is high. Product application: IMR products are widely used because they belong to the surface treatment process of plastic parts. Such as laptop shell, home appliance shell, mobile phone shell, ABS, etc. 5. Water transfer printing process: Water transfer printing technology is a kind of printing that uses water pressure to hydrolyze the transfer paper/plastic film with color patterns into polymers. With the improvement of people's requirements for product packaging and decoration, water transfer printing is used more and more widely. The principle of indirect printing and perfect printing effect have solved the problem of surface decoration of many products. There are two types of water transfer technology, one is water mark transfer technology, the other is water drape transfer technology. The former mainly completes the transfer of words and realistic patterns, while the latter tends to complete the transfer of the entire product surface. The Cubic Transfer technology uses a water-based film that is easy to dissolve in water to carry images and texts. Due to the excellent tension of the water coating film, it is easy to wind on the surface of the product to form a graphic layer, and the product surface has a completely different appearance just like painting. Covering any shape of workpiece, it can solve the problem of three-dimensional product printing for manufacturers. Curved surface coating can also add different lines on the surface of the product, and it can also avoid the virtual position often seen in general color printing. In the printing process, since the product surface does not need to contact with the printing film, it can avoid damaging the product surface and its integrity. Product application: automobile instrument panel, control panel and other automobile interiors, 3C electronic products, household appliances, building materials, etc; 6. Hot stamping Hot stamping is commonly known as "hot stamping". The essence of hot stamping is transfer printing, which is the process of transferring the patterns on the gilded paper to the substrate through the effect of heat and pressure. The pressure of the die causes depression, and the printed words or patterns are not easy to blur, so the patterns, logos, texts or pictures can be firmly adhered to the product surface. The hot stamping die and foil are two key components of the hot stamping process. The hot stamping die is generally composed of magnesium, brass and steel. Some will use silicone rubber on the surface of the metal hot stamping die for uneven surfaces. Hot stamping die foil mainly includes carrier, release layer, protective layer and decorative layer. Hot stamping process includes 4 steps: (1) The hot stamping foil contacts the substrate; (2) With heat and pressure, the transfer layer is transferred to the substrate surface; (3) Remove the pressure and peel off the polyester film; (4) Feed hot stamping foil and replace the substrate to be hot stamped. Technical application: Hot stamping is applicable to polymer, wood, leather, paper, vinyl, polyester film and other textiles, as well as metals that are not easy to color. The decoration is scratch resistant, wear-resistant and peeling resistant. For retail and cosmetic packaging, books and magazines, car decoration, advertising, consumer goods decoration, information signs, etc. 7. Laser carving (laser carving) Based on numerical control technology, laser is the processing medium. The physical denaturation of melting and gasification of metal materials under laser irradiation, so as to achieve the purpose of processing. The laser engraving machine can use the laser engraving technology to easily "print" vectorized graphics and texts onto the processed substrate. The advantages of this technology are: ① Precision: the narrowest line width of the material surface can reach 0.015mm, and it is non-contact processing, which will not cause product deformation; ② High efficiency: new products can be obtained in the shortest time, and only the vector drawing files need to be changed for multiple varieties and small batches; ③ Special machining: to meet the special machining requirements, the inner surface or inclined surface can be machined; ④ Environmental protection and energy conservation: no pollution, no harmful substances, higher than the export environmental protection requirements. 8. Metal etching It is also called photochemical etching. After exposure, plate making and development, remove the protective film on the area to be etched, contact the chemical solution during metal etching, so as to achieve the effect of dissolving corrosion, forming concave convex or hollow molding. General consumer products, patterns on aluminum plates or text LOGO are often made by etching. In addition, etching is often used to make various kinds of metal horn nets. 9. CNC machining CNC Machining refers to the processing with CNC machining tools. CNC machine tools are programmed by NC machining language to control the feed speed of machining tools, spindle speed, tool changer, coolant, etc., so as to perform physical machining on the surface of the base material. CNC machining has great advantages over manual machining, for example, the parts produced by CNC machining are very accurate and repeatable; NC machining can produce parts with complex shapes that cannot be finished by manual machining.

Five Axis Machining, as the name implies, is a mode of NC machine tool processing. Linear interpolation movement of any five coordinates in X, Y, Z, A, B, C is adopted. The machine tool used for five axis machining is usually called five axis machine tool or five axis machining center. But do you really know five axis machining? Development of Five Axis Technology For decades, it is generally believed that five axis NC machining technology is the only way to process continuous, smooth and complex surfaces. Once people encounter unsolvable problems in designing and manufacturing complex surfaces, they will turn to five axis machining technology. But... Five axis linkage CNC is the most difficult and widely used CNC technology. It integrates computer control, high-performance servo drive and precision machining technology, and is applied to efficient, precise and automatic machining of complex surfaces. In the world, the five axis linkage numerical control technology is regarded as the symbol of a country's production equipment automation technology level. Due to its special status, especially its important influence on aviation, aerospace and military industries, as well as the complexity of technology, the western industrial developed countries have always implemented the export license system as a strategic material. Compared with three-axis CNC machining, from the perspective of process and programming, 5-axis CNC machining for complex surfaces has the following advantages: (1) Improve processing quality and efficiency (2) Expand process scope (3) Meet the new direction of compound development But, haha, but again... Because of interference and tool position control in the machining space, the NC programming, NC system and machine tool structure of five axis NC machining are much more complex than those of three axis machine tools. So, five axes is easy to say, but it is really hard to realize! In addition, it is more difficult to operate well! Speaking of five axes, I have to say the true and false five axes? The difference between the true and false 5 axes mainly lies in whether the RTCP function is available. For this reason, Xiao Bian specifically searched for this word! RTCP, please explain that Fidia's RTCP is the abbreviation of "Rotating Tool Center Point", which literally means "rotating tool center". The industry often translates it into "turning around the tool center", and some people also translate it directly as "programming of rotating tool center". In fact, this is just the result of RTCP. RTCP of PA is the abbreviation of the first few words of "Real time Tool Center Point rotation". Heidegger calls similar so-called upgrade technology TCPM, which is the abbreviation of "Tool Centre Point Management", namely tool centre point management. Others refer to similar technology as TCPC, which is the abbreviation of "Tool Center Point Control". From the literal meaning of Fidia's RTCP, if the RTCP function is executed manually at a fixed point, the tool center point and the actual contact point between the tool and the workpiece surface will remain unchanged. At this time, the tool center point falls on the normal at the actual contact point between the tool and the workpiece surface, and the tool handle will rotate around the tool center point. For ball head cutters, the tool center point is the target track point of the NC code. In order to enable the tool handle to simply rotate around the target track point (i.e. the tool center point) when executing the RTCP function, the offset of the linear coordinates of the tool center point caused by the tool handle rotation must be compensated in real time, so that the included angle between the tool handle and the normal at the actual contact point of the tool and the workpiece surface can be changed while keeping the tool center point and the actual contact point of the tool and the workpiece surface unchanged, It can play the best cutting efficiency of the ball end cutter and effectively avoid interference. Therefore, RTCP seems to stand on the tool center point (i.e. the target track point of NC code) more to handle the change of rotation coordinates. Five axis machine tools and CNC systems without RTCP must rely on CAM programming and post-processing, and the tool path must be planned in advance. For the same part, if the machine tool is changed or the tool is changed, CAM programming and post-processing must be carried out again, so they can only be called false five axes. Many domestic five axis CNC machine tools and systems belong to this kind of false five axes. Of course, there is nothing wrong with people who insist on calling themselves five axis linkage, but this (false) five axis is not that (true) five axis! Xiao Bian also consulted experts in the industry. In short, the real five axis is five axis five linkage, the false five axis may be five axis three linkage, and the other two axes only play a positioning function! This is a popular statement, not a standard statement. Generally speaking, five axis machine tools can be divided into two types: one is five axis linkage, that is, all five axes can be linked at the same time; the other is five axis positioning processing, which is actually five axis three linkage: that is, two rotating axes can rotate and position, and only three axes can be linked at the same time. This is commonly known as the 3+2 mode of five axis machine tool, which can also be understood as a false five axis machine tool. Current forms of five axis CNC machine tools In the mechanical design of 5-axis machining centers, machine tool manufacturers have always been committed to developing new motion modes to meet various requirements. Considering all kinds of five axis machine tools on the market, although their mechanical structures are various, they mainly have the following forms: Two rotation coordinates directly control the direction of the tool axis (double swing head form) The two axes are at the top of the tool, However, the rotation axis is not perpendicular to the linear axis (vertical pendulum type) Two rotation coordinates directly control the rotation of space (double turntable form) The two axes are on the workbench, However, the rotation axis is not perpendicular to the linear axis (vertical worktable) One of the two rotation coordinates acts on the tool, One acts on the workpiece (one swing and one turn) Having seen these five axis machine tools, I believe we should understand what and how the five axis machine tools are moving. Difficulties and Resistance in Developing Five Axis NC Technology We have already realized the superiority and importance of five axis numerical control technology. But so far, the application of five axis CNC technology is still limited to a few departments with abundant funds, and there are still unsolved problems. The following section collects some difficulties and resistance to see if they correspond to your situation? Abstract 5-axis NC programming, difficult to operate This is a headache for every traditional NC programmer. Three axis machine tools only have linear coordinate axes, while five axis CNC machine tools have various structural forms; The same NC code can achieve the same machining effect on different three axis NC machines, but the NC code of a certain five axis machine tool cannot be applied to all types of five axis machine tools. In addition to linear motion, NC programming also coordinates the calculation of rotation motion, such as rotation angle travel inspection, nonlinear error check, tool rotation motion calculation, etc. The amount of information processed is large, and NC programming is extremely abstract. The operation of five axis NC machining is closely related to programming skills. If users add special functions to the machine tool, the programming and operation will be more complex. Only through repeated practice can the programming and operating personnel master the necessary knowledge and skills. The lack of experienced programmers and operators is a major resistance to the popularization of five axis CNC technology. Many domestic manufacturers have purchased five axis CNC machine tools from abroad. Due to inadequate technical training and service, the inherent functions of five axis CNC machine tools are difficult to achieve, and the utilization rate of machine tools is low. In many cases, it is better to use three axis CNC machine tools. Very strict requirements for NC interpolation controller and servo drive system The movement of a five axis machine tool is a combination of five coordinate axis movements. The addition of rotation coordinates not only increases the burden of interpolation, but also greatly reduces the machining accuracy due to the small error of rotation coordinates. Therefore, the controller is required to have higher calculation accuracy. The motion characteristics of the five axis machine tool require the servo drive system to have good dynamic characteristics and a large speed range. The verification of NC program of 5-axis NC is particularly important In order to improve the machining efficiency, it is urgent to eliminate the traditional "trial cut" calibration method. In 5-axis NC machining, the verification of NC program is also very important, because workpieces usually processed by 5-axis NC machine tools are very expensive, and collision is a common problem in 5-axis NC machining: cutting tools into workpieces; The tool collides with the workpiece at a very high speed; The tool collides with the machine tool, fixture and other equipment within the processing range; Moving parts on the machine tool collide with fixed parts or workpieces. In five axis NC, collision is very difficult to predict. The calibration program must comprehensively analyze the kinematics and control system of the machine tool. If the CAM system detects an error, it can immediately process the tool path; However, if NC program errors are found during machining, the tool path cannot be directly modified as in three-axis NC. On the three-axis machine tool, the machine tool operator can directly modify the parameters such as tool radius. In five axis machining, the situation is not so simple, because changes in tool size and position have a direct impact on the subsequent rotation trajectory. Tool radius compensation In the five axis linkage NC program, the tool length compensation function is still valid, but the tool radius compensation is invalid. When cylindrical milling cutter is used for contact forming milling, different programs need to be compiled for cutters with different diameters. At present, the popular CNC systems cannot complete the tool radius compensation because the ISO file does not provide enough data to recalculate the tool position. The user needs to change the tool frequently or adjust the exact size of the tool during NC processing. According to the normal processing program, the tool path should be sent back to the CAM system for recalculation. As a result, the efficiency of the whole processing process is very low. To solve this problem, Norwegian researchers are developing a temporary solution called LCOPS (Low Cost Optimized Production Strategy). The data required for tool path correction is transferred to the CAM system by the CNC application program, and the calculated tool path is directly sent to the controller. LCOPS requires a third party to provide CAM software, which can be directly connected to CNC machine tools. In the meantime, CAM system files are transmitted instead of ISO codes. The final solution to this problem depends on the introduction of a new generation of CNC control system, which can recognize workpiece model files (such as STEP) or CAD system files in a common format. Post Processors The difference between a five axis machine tool and a three-axis machine tool is that it also has two rotation coordinates, and the tool position is converted from the workpiece coordinate system to the machine coordinate system, which requires several coordinate transformations. Using the popular post processor generator in the market, the post processor of three-axis CNC machine tools can be generated by inputting the basic parameters of the machine tool. For five axis CNC machine tools, there are only some improved post processors. The post processor of five axis CNC machine tool needs further development. In three-axis linkage, the position of the workpiece origin on the machine tool workbench is not necessary to be considered in the tool path, and the post processor can automatically handle the relationship between the workpiece coordinate system and the machine coordinate system. For five axis linkage, for example, when machining on a horizontal milling machine with five axis linkage of X, Y, Z, B, C, the position size of the workpiece on the C turntable and the position size between the B and C turntables must be considered when generating the tool path. Workers usually spend a lot of time to deal with these positional relationships when clamping workpieces. If the post processor can process these data, the workpiece installation and tool path processing will be greatly simplified; Just clamp the workpiece on the workbench, measure the position and direction of the workpiece coordinate system, input these data to the post processor, and post process the tool path to obtain the appropriate CNC program.