China Shenzhen Perfect Precision Product Co., Ltd. company news

Hardware refers to tools made of gold, silver, copper, iron, tin and other metals through processing and casting, which are used to fix things, process things, decorate, etc. 1. Gold piece As we all know, gold is a valuable precious metal, worth 385 yuan per gram. Most of it is put into the national treasury by the national government for good preservation. Most of them are gold. Gold pieces are naturally used to make valuable articles. Objects cast with gold are usually jewelry, currency, substitute currency and the like, such as rings, necklaces, gold coins (ancient times), gold bricks, gold bars, etc. There are also some objects used to make celestial globe. 2. Silverware Silver is silvery white, which is also a precious metal. In ancient China, it was used to make silver ingots or silver coins for state expenditure and daily transactions; The ancient Egyptians once used the bactericidal effect of water-soluble silver ions of silver to make silver tablets to treat wounds. Modern silver is also commonly used in jewelry processing. Silver has excellent conductivity and heat transfer performance. Common industrial silver pieces are generally parts of electronic instruments and power generation equipment, such as silver core wires. 3. Copper parts Copper is the messenger of human civilization. The ancients used copper to make ritual vessels, such as bronze tripods and modern tools. As we all know, copper has excellent conductivity, second only to silver, but copper ore is more and cheaper than silver ore. Copper is often used to make wire cores and parts of some communication equipment and electronic equipment. 4. Iron piece Iron is widely used, and its content is also very large in the world: the world's proven iron ore reserves have exceeded 200 billion tons! There are two kinds of iron commonly used: hematite and magnetite. Hematite Hematite is composed of ferric oxide, which is dark red or steel gray. It is commonly used for casting iron nails, screws, nuts, hammer heads, machine parts, etc. magnetite Magnetite is magnetic, also known as "magnet" and "magnetite". Magnetite is not as widely used as hematite, but it is also useful. Magnetite can be shaped into magnetite to identify objects. 5. Tin piece The application scope of tin is not very wide. Common tin articles include tin bottle caps, tin foil, plastic bottle tin seals, etc. The above is the category and related introduction of hardware introduced by Wanguan Hardware Electromechanical Network.

First of all, compared with ordinary lathe, CNC lathe has constant linear speed cutting function, no matter for turning end face or different diameter outer circle can be processed with the same linear speed, that is to ensure the surface roughness value is consistent and relatively small. While ordinary lathe is constant speed, the cutting speed is different for different diameters. Under the condition that the material of workpiece and tool, finishing allowance and tool angle are certain, the surface roughness depends on the cutting speed and feed speed. When processing the surface with different surface roughness, a small feed speed is chosen for the surface with small roughness, and a larger feed speed is chosen for the surface with large roughness, with good variability, which is difficult to be achieved in ordinary lathes. Parts with complex contour shapes. Any plane curve can be approximated by a straight line or arc, cnc precision machining with arc interpolation function, can process a variety of complex contours of the parts. cnc precision machining needs the careful use of the operator's good or bad. CNC precision machining mainly has fine turning, fine boring, fine milling, fine grinding and grinding processes.   (1) fine turning and fine boring: the majority of precision light alloy (aluminum or magnesium alloy, etc.) parts of aircraft are mostly processed by this method. Generally use natural single crystal diamond tools, the radius of the cutting edge is less than 0.1 micron. In the high precision lathe processing can obtain 1 micron accuracy and average height difference of less than 0.2 micron surface unevenness, coordinate accuracy can reach ± 2 micron.   (2) Fine milling: used for processing complex shape of aluminum or beryllium alloy structural parts. Rely on the accuracy of the machine's guide and spindle to obtain high mutual position accuracy. High-speed milling with carefully ground diamond tips can obtain accurate mirror surfaces. (3) Fine grinding: used for machining shaft or hole type parts. Most of these parts are made of hardened steel, which has high hardness. Most high-precision grinding machine spindles use hydrostatic or dynamic pressure liquid bearings to ensure high stability. The ultimate accuracy of grinding is influenced by the machine tool spindle and bed stiffness, but also by factors such as the selection and balance of the grinding wheel and the machining accuracy of the center hole of the workpiece. Fine grinding can obtain a dimensional accuracy of 1 micron and an out-of-roundness of 0.5 micron.   (4) Grinding: The principle of mutual research of mating parts is used to selectively process the irregular raised parts on the machined surface. The grinding grain diameter, cutting force and cutting heat can be precisely controlled, so it is the processing method to obtain the highest precision in precision machining technology. Hydraulic or pneumatic mating parts in precision servo parts of aircraft and bearing parts of dynamic gyro motors are machined by this method to achieve 0.1 or even 0.01 micron accuracy and 0.005 micron micro-unevenness.

Precision parts processing is not possible to complete all the processing contents of all surfaces in one process, and the whole processing process of precision parts processing can be divided into the following stages. (1) Roughing stage. Cut off most of the machining allowance of each processing surface, and processing of precision benchmarks, the main consideration is to increase productivity as much as possible.   (2) Semi-finishing stage. Cut out the defects that may arise after rough machining, and prepare for the finishing of the surface, requiring a certain machining accuracy and ensuring the appropriate finishing allowance, while completing the machining of the secondary surface.   (3) Finishing stage. In this stage using a large cutting speed, small feed and depth of cut, remove the finishing margin left by the previous process, so that the surface of the part to meet the technical requirements of the drawing. (4) finishing stage. Mainly used to reduce the surface roughness value or strengthen the machined surface, mainly for surface roughness requirements are very high (ra ≤ 0.32 μm) surface processing.   (5) Ultra-precision machining stage. Machining accuracy in 0.1-0.01 μm, surface roughness value ra ≤ 0.001 μm processing stage. The main processing methods are: precision cutting, fine mirror grinding, precision grinding and polishing, etc.

1、Reference first   That is, the first processing datum surface, parts in the machining process, as the appearance of the positioning datum should be machined first, in order to provide a fine datum for the subsequent processes as soon as possible. 2, divide the processing stage   Mechanical processing quality requirements of the appearance, are divided into processing stages, generally can be divided into roughing, semi-finishing and finishing three stages. Mainly to ensure the quality of processing; conducive to the scientific application of equipment; to facilitate the arrangement of heat treatment processes; and to facilitate the discovery of defects in the blank.   3、First surface and then hole   For the box, bracket and connecting rod and other parts should be processed first plane after processing holes. This will be able to plane positioning processing holes, to ensure the position of the plane and hole accuracy, and to the plane of the hole processing to bring convenience. 4、Light finishing processing   The main appearance of the finishing process, such as grinding, honing, fine grinding, rolling processing, etc., should be placed at the end of the process route stage. The development of precision parts machining process route general principles, precision parts machining process procedures, can be broadly divided into two links. First is to develop the process route of parts processing, and then determine the process size of each process, the equipment and process equipment used, as well as cutting specifications, work quotas.

Friends who understand the precision machining know that the hardware processing of precision parts occupies half of the mountain, and is one of the most common precision machining in daily life, so what are the advantages of precision hardware processing? The following by me to introduce to you one by one. 1、Precision hardware axis CNC machining with high precision and stable machining quality.   2, can be multi-coordinate linkage, can process the shape of complex parts.   3, precision hardware CNC machining parts change, generally only need to change the CNC program, can save production preparation time.   4, the machine itself is highly accurate, rigid, can choose a favorable processing amount, high productivity (generally 3 to 5 times for ordinary machine tools).   5, the high degree of automation of the machine tool can reduce labor intensity. CNC precision machining using short cutting tools is the main feature of precision hardware parts. Short tools will significantly reduce tool deviation, resulting in good surface quality, avoiding rework, reducing the use of welding rods and shortening the processing time of EDM. When considering 5-axis machining, it is important to consider that the goal of utilizing 5-axis machining tooling is to complete the entire workpiece with the shortest possible cutting tool, which also includes less programming, clamping and machining time yet a more perfect surface quality.

Precision parts processing has many advantages, we have previously shared with you the specific advantages of precision parts processing, the most obvious is that you can achieve the high precision of ordinary processing can not reach, high precision also depends on precision processing equipment and accurate restraint system, and the use of precision masks as intermediaries to achieve the amount of external surface material removed or added to make very fine control, then precision parts processing What are the specific characteristics? The following by me to give you a detailed introduction to the following. First. Precision parts cutting processing   Mainly precision turning, mirror grinding and grinding, etc. In the precision lathe with fine grinding of single crystal diamond turning tool to hold micro-turning, cutting thickness of only about 1 micron, commonly used in the processing of non-ferrous metal materials such as spherical, aspheric and flat mirrors and other high-precision, highly polished appearance of the parts. For example, the processing of nuclear fusion device with a diameter of 800 mm aspheric mirror, the highest precision up to 0.1 micron, the external roughness of Rz0.05 micron. Second, precision parts processing   Precision parts processing accuracy to nanometers, and even finally to the atomic unit (atomic lattice distance of 0.1 ~ 0.2 nanometers) as the goal, ultra-precision parts cutting and processing methods can no longer adapt, it is necessary to resort to special precision parts processing methods, namely, the application of chemical energy, electrochemical energy, heat or electricity, etc., so that these energies beyond the joint energy between atoms, so as to remove part of the workpiece appearance of inter-atomic adhesion, The method of ultra-precision machining is achieved by applying chemical, electrochemical, thermal or electrical energy, etc., so that these energies exceed the inter-atomic union energy, thus removing part of the inter-atomic adhesion, union or lattice deformation of the workpiece exterior. These processes include mechanochemical polishing, ion sputtering and ion implantation, electron beam exposure, laser beam processing, metal vapor deposition, and molecular beam epitaxy.

Non-standard precision parts processing requirements for precision is extremely high, to achieve ultra-lubricated processing appearance and very high machining accuracy, that naturally the tool by a very high demand, if the tool wear, then the processing surface quality will be reduced. And in the ultra-precision cutting, and general cutting rules are not the same, the cutting speed is not subject to the standard life of the tool constraints. Non-standard precision parts processing generally choose the smallest speed, which is based on the ultra-precision machine tool transmission characteristics and cutting characteristics, because the minimum speed can make the appearance of the smallest roughness, thus ensuring the highest quality processing. Of course, the premise is to ensure the quality of the machine tool can drive high cutting speed to ensure the efficiency of processing. Non-standard precision parts processing should be based on the cutting tool, cutting speed, depth of cut and feed rate parameters such as selection, according to past experience we know, in the processing of plastic materials, if the selection of a larger front angle of the tool can be useful to press the composition of the chip tumor, which is the tool front angle increases, the cutting force is reduced, cutting deformation is small, the tool and chip contact length becomes shorter, reducing the basis of the chip tumor.

We divide the machining into four stages as follows. First, the surface first and then the hole   For the box, bracket and connecting rod and other parts should be machined plane first and then hole. This will allow the processing of holes with plane positioning, to ensure the accuracy of the position of the plane and hole, and to bring convenience to the processing of holes on the plane.   Second, first processing datum surface   Parts in the processing process, as a positioning reference surface should be processed first, in order to provide a fine reference for the subsequent processes as soon as possible. Called "benchmark first". Third, the finishing process   The main surface finishing process (such as grinding, honing, fine grinding rolling processing, etc.), should be placed in the last stage of the process route, the surface finish after processing in Ra0.9um or more, a slight collision will damage the surface, in Japan, Germany and other countries, after the finishing process, are protected with a flannel, absolutely no hands or other objects directly touch the workpiece, so as to avoid the finishing process surface, due to The transit and installation between the work process and be damaged.   Fourth, the division of processing stages   Processing quality requirements of the surface, are divided into processing stages, generally can be divided into rough machining, semi-finishing and finishing three stages. Mainly to ensure the quality of processing; conducive to the rational use of equipment; facilitate the arrangement of heat treatment processes; and facilitate the discovery of defects in the blank.

The focus of the pure fundamental level consideration is how to reduce the error and improve the accuracy, so the basic principles of selecting the essential surface are First: the principle of datum overlap. Should choose as much as possible the design reference as the positioning reference. Especially in the final completion, to ensure accuracy, more attention should be paid to this principle. This can avoid causing position error benchmark deviation;   Second: the principle of unity of the benchmark. Should choose a unified positioning datum surface of various surface treatment, as far as possible to ensure the position accuracy between the surfaces; sometimes also follow the principle of common datum, repeated processing;   Third: the principle of self-referencing. Some small machining allowance and unified finishing process to ensure the quality of processing and productivity, with precision machining surface itself as a base level.

1, mechanical work before checking whether the moving part is filled with lubricant, and then start and check the clutch, brake is normal, and the machine will be airborne 1-3 minutes, mechanical failure is strictly prohibited when operating.   2, when working to maintain the correct posture, to have sufficient spirit to cope with the work, such as the discovery of physical discomfort should immediately leave the workplace, and reflect to the leadership. Operation must be focused on the mind, gossip is strictly prohibited, cooperate with each other, the operator must not operate in an irritable, tired state to avoid accidents, to ensure operational safety. All employees check whether their clothing meets the work requirements before entering the workplace. No slippers, high-heeled shoes and clothing that affect safety are allowed, and those with long hair should wear safety caps. 3、When replacing the mold, first turn off the power and stop the operation of the punching machine movement department before starting to install and debug the mold. After installation and adjustment, move the flywheel by hand for two test punches to check whether the upper and lower dies are symmetrical and reasonable, whether the screws are strong and whether the crimp circle is in a reasonable position.   4, must wait for all other personnel to leave the mechanical work area, and take away the debris on the workbench, before starting the power to start the machinery. 5、When the machine is working, it is forbidden to put your hand into the slider working area, and it is strictly forbidden to take and put the workpiece by hand. In the punching die to take, put the workpiece must be used to meet the standard tools. If abnormal sound or machine failure is found, the power switch should be turned off immediately for inspection. After the machinery is started, one person should transport and operate the machinery, others should not press the electric construction or step on the foot switch plate, and should not put their hands into the mechanical work area or touch the moving part of the machinery with their hands.   6、At the end of the day, the power supply should be turned off and the finished products, side materials and miscellaneous items on the job should be organized to ensure a clean and safe working environment.