First, machining accuracy refers to the actual value of the relevant workpiece including size, geometry and mutual position of the surface parameters after machining, and its pre-designed ideal geometric parameters should have the degree of conformity; machining accuracy usually includes dimensional accuracy, shape accuracy and position accuracy, etc., dimensional accuracy is used to limit the dimensional error between the machined surface and its benchmark, shape accuracy is used to limit the macro geometric shape error of the machined surface, position accuracy is used to limit the parallelism, perpendicularity, coaxiality and other mutual position errors between the machined surface and its benchmark. The dimensional accuracy is used to limit the range of dimensional error between the processing surface and its reference, the shape accuracy is used to limit the macro geometric shape error of the processing surface, and the position accuracy is used to limit the parallelism, perpendicularity, coaxiality and other mutual position errors between the processing surface and its reference.
Second, due to the performance of processing machinery, technical methods, production conditions and other factors of different influences, mechanical processing out of the relevant parts in its size, shape and surface mutual position parameters and ideal parameters always exist a certain deviation error, in the value of the size of the processing error is usually used to indicate the processing accuracy. Machining accuracy and surface quality of mechanical components and other processing quality, is to ensure that the relevant mechanical product assembly quality of the basis, the size of the machining error reflects the level of machining accuracy.
Third, although mechanical processing can not be zero error, but some of the errors in its processing can be completely avoided through technical reform and processing rigor and other methods. Especially now people's requirements for machining accuracy is getting higher and higher, how to improve the accuracy of machining has become an urgent problem to be solved.
Fourth, in order to reduce machining errors, the need to produce the error of each original error analysis, according to the different circumstances of the main original error caused by processing errors to take different measures. Construction drawings of multi-faceted consideration is the most basic. A good mechanical design product must have a very precise and multifaceted consideration of the consciousness in it. Minimize the original error.
Fifth, do your best to improve the geometric accuracy of the machine tools, jigs and gauges used in processing mechanical products, and control the deformation caused by heat, cutting forces and internal stresses in the process system are means to reduce the original error. For those precision parts, in order to reduce the original error, every effort should be made to improve the rigidity and accuracy of precision machine tools. In addition, there are two most ingenious methods: transfer of the original error and error compensation method.
Six, transfer the original error, in essence, is to transfer the original error from the error-sensitive direction to the error non-sensitive direction to go. A variety of original error reflected in the degree of error on the parts processing and whether it is in the error-sensitive direction has a direct relationship. If in the process of processing can try to transfer the original error to the non-sensitive direction of the processing error, it can greatly improve the processing accuracy.
Seven, some of the original error of the process system, you can take the error compensation method to control its impact on the parts machining error; implementation of error compensation, is to artificially create a new original error, so as to compensate or offset the original process system inherent in the original error, in order to reduce the processing error, improve the processing accuracy.
