Send Message
Up to 5 files, each 10M size is supported. OK
Shenzhen Perfect Precision Product Co., Ltd. 86-189-26459278 lyn@7-swords.com
News Get a Quote
Home - News - Basic knowledge of milling processing what are the types of chips

Basic knowledge of milling processing what are the types of chips

August 1, 2022

The process of milling is to process the workpiece into the required shape and size by using the contact between the milling cutter and the workpiece. In this milling process, the milling cutter cuts the metal material on the surface of the workpiece into chips, including the cutting effect of the blade and the role of the tool surface pushing and supporting, so that the chips are separated from the processing surface.
Cutting effect of the blade: when the tool contacts the workpiece, the stress in the workpiece gradually increases with the increasing force, and the stress is the largest at the contact with the blade. Where the stress on the workpiece is the largest and most concentrated, the metal material is the first to crack and separate. Therefore, the separation between the metal surface layer material and the metal matrix of the workpiece is always formed at the contact with the blade, which is the cutting effect of the blade.


Pushing action in front of the tool: under the action of sufficient mechanical force, with the continuous relative movement of the tool and the workpiece, the cut metal will separate along the direction of the blade movement to form a machined surface. At the same time, the extrusion in front of the tool causes the cutting layer to produce elastic deformation and plastic deformation until finally forming chips, which flow out along the front of the tool, which is the pushing effect in front of the tool.
Deformation of the cut metal under the action of the tool: the cut metal forms four deformation areas under the action of the cutting edge, front and back of the tool, namely, the basic deformation area, the friction deformation area in front of the tool, the deformation area in front of the edge and the friction deformation area behind the tool. The internal stress state and deformation in the four deformation zones are interrelated and affect each other.
latest company news about Basic knowledge of milling processing what are the types of chips  0
Types of chips and their forming conditions
Due to different workpiece materials, different cutting conditions, and different deformation in the cutting process, different chips are produced. According to the different shapes of chips, chips can be divided into banded chips, nodal chips, granular chips and crumbling chips.
1. Banded chip: in the cutting process, if the slip on the final sliding surface has not reached the degree of fracture, a continuous banded chip with hairy outer surface and smooth inner surface will be formed. Strip chip is the most common kind of chip in finish machining. In processing plastic metal materials, such chips are often produced when the cutting speed is high, the thickness of the cutting layer is small, the rake angle of the tool is large and the edge is sharp.

latest company news about Basic knowledge of milling processing what are the types of chips  1
2. Nodal chip: the nodal chip is formed under the condition of fracture due to sufficient sliding on the final sliding surface. The segmented chip has non penetrating cracks, the outer surface is serrated, and the inner surface is smooth. This kind of chip is mostly produced when processing plastic metal materials, with low cutting speed, large cutting layer thickness and small tool rake angle.
3. Granular chip: when the crack penetrates the whole chip layer and separates the chip into a ladder shaped unit body, granular chip (also known as unit chip) is formed. Granular chips are produced when machining metal materials with poor plasticity, low cutting speed, large cutting layer thickness and small tool rake angle.

latest company news about Basic knowledge of milling processing what are the types of chips  2
4. Chipping: when cutting brittle metals (such as cast iron, etc.), because the plasticity of the material is very small, the metal surface layer will produce elastic deformation and very small plastic deformation under the cutting and pushing of the tool, and then it will be brittle and broken to form chipping chips. The harder and brittle the workpiece material, the smaller the rake angle of the tool, and the greater the thickness of the cutting layer, the easier it is to produce such chips.